Epidemiologic profile, sexual history, pathologic features, and human papillomavirus status of 103 patients with penile carcinoma

Abstract

PURPOSE The incidence of penile cancer is four times higher in Paraguay than in the United States or Europe. There are no adequate scientific explanations for this geographical variation. The goal of this study was to evaluate the interplay among risk factors, morphology of the primary tumor, and HPV status. METHODS Information on socioeconomic status, education level, habits, and sexual history was obtained in 103 Paraguayan patients with penile cancer. All patients were then treated by surgery and specimens were evaluated histopathologically. RESULTS Patients usually dwelled in rural/suburban areas (82%), lived in poverty (75%), had a low education level (91%), and were heavy smokers (76%). Phimosis (57%), moderate/poor hygienic habits (90%), and history of sexually-transmitted diseases (74%) were frequently found. Patients with >10 lifetime female partners had an odds ratio of 3.8 (95% CI 1.1, 12.6; P-trend = .03) for presenting HPV positive tumors when compared to patients with <6 partners. However, this trend was not significant when the number of sexual partners was adjusted for age of first coitus and antecedents of sexually-transmitted diseases. HPV-related tumors (found in 36% of the samples) were characterized by a warty and/or basaloid morphology and high histological grade in most cases. CONCLUSIONS In our series, patients with penile cancer presented a distinctive epidemiological and pathological profile. These data might help explaining the geographical differences in incidence and aid in the design of strategies for cancer control in Paraguay.

Advances in the pathology of penile carcinomas

“…Patients were poorly educated, had low global income, were residents of rural regions, had a history of heavy smoking, chronic inflammation, genital warts, penile tears, frequent phimosis, and poor genital hygienic habits. Human papillomavirus (HPV) was present in more than one third of cases, and these patients had a sexual history of more than 10 lifetime sexual partners [7]. In addition, heterogeneous distribution of HPV may, in part, explain the geographical variation of penile cancer.…”

Clinicopathologic characteristics and treatment outcomes of penile cancer

“…Penile cancer is a rare solid cancer with an incidence of ＜1.0 per 100,000 males in Europe and the USA [1], but other parts of the world have a much higher incidence (1%∼ 2% of male malignant disease) [6]. Countries and cultures practicing routine neonatal or youth circumcision have a lower incidence of penile cancer.…”

“…The incidence of primary penile cancer is very low in Western countries (＜1.00 per 100,000 males) and is decreasing [1]. Primary penile cancer is also rare in Korea, with few cases reported.…”

Rare Clinical Case: Formation of Artificial Urether After Amputation of the Penis

“…Это 0,55 на 100 000 мужского населения по мировому стандарту со смещением заболеваемости в старшую возрастную группу (старше 50 лет) [1]. В Европе и США заболевание встречается несколько чаще (1,0 на 100 000 мужчин) [9,10]. Раннее обрезание крайней плоти снижает риск развития заболевания в 3-5 раз, аналогичная операция у взрослых мужчин не имеет профилактической ценности.…”