Epidemiologic Studies of Coronary Heart Disease and Stroke in Japanese Men Living in Japan, Hawaii and California

Kato, Hiroo; Tillotson, J; Nichaman, Milton Z.; Rhoads, George G.; Hamilton, Howard B.

doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a121518

Cited by 308 publications

(77 citation statements)

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“…Coupled with studies showing that migrants from low-to high-risk areas adopt the rates of the new area [7,8], this evidence indicated powerfully that the large differences in rates are not owing to genetic factors and are thus potentially modifiable. As shown in Fig.…”

Section: Descriptive Studies Of Diet and Chdmentioning

confidence: 86%

Dietary fats and coronary heart disease

Willett

2012

Journal of Internal Medicine

247

136

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Section: Descriptive Studies Of Diet and Chdmentioning

confidence: 86%

Dietary fats and coronary heart disease

Willett

2012

Journal of Internal Medicine

247

136

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“…More than 10 such studies have reported highly consistent data of this kind over the last three decades.' In terms of the foodstuffs, each data point is the mean number of calories from these animal products available daily per person for the specified country for the years [1954][1955][1956][1957][1958][1959][1960][1961][1962][1963][1964][1965], and the CHD mortality rates are for 1973, for the age group 35-74 years, agestandardized.…”

Section: Detection Of the Major Risk Factorsmentioning

confidence: 76%

Research related to risk factors.

Stamler¹

1979

Circulation

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SUMMARY The epidemic of premature coronary heart disease (CHD) in the U.S. and other Western industrialized countries is a result of modern lifestyles and the risk factors related to them. It is scientifically correct to designate habitual eating patterns high in cholesterol, saturated fats, calories as the primary cause of this epidemic. Such diets are responsible for the high prevalence rates in these populations of hypercholesterolemia, an established major CHD risk factor. Additional established major risk factors that enhance coronary proneness in persons and populations with the lipid nutritional-metabolic prerequisites for severe atherosclerosis are hypertension and cigarette smoking. A sedentary lifestyle at work and leisure and incongruent behavior (e.g., the type A behavior pattern) are probable additional adjuvant risk factors in such populations.Data on the impact of major risk factors in one population enable prediction of risk in other populations. In populations with lifestyles rendering them generally coronary-prone, accurate assessment of CHD risk can be made at least from youth on, probably even in the first decade of life, enabling a preventive public-health strategy that combines efforts to improve lifestyles (diet, smoking and exercise) for the whole population from childhood (primary-habit formation) through middle age, with special concentrated attention to identified very high risk individuals and families. THE IDENTIFICATION of the major risk factors for atherosclerotic disease -a key research achievement in the last 30 years -is the scientific foundation for prevention. The major established risk factors are a "rich" diet (i.e., diet high in saturated fat, cholesterol, calories, sugars and salt), diet-dependent hypercholesterolemia and hypertension, and cigarette smoking. They are designated major risk factors because their powerful contribution to the etiology of epidemic atherosclerotic disease (particularly premature coronary heart disease [CHD]) is scientifically established, they are common in the population of the United States and other industrialized Western nations and, given their relationship to lifestyle, they may be prevented or controlled. Detection of the Major Risk FactorsIdentification and detection of risk factors proceeds at two levels -for whole populations and for individuals. The first has yielded extensive data on the key factors responsible for the risk status of entire populations, e.g., the high-risk status overall of the American population. Figure 1 available daily per person for the specified country for the years [1954][1955][1956][1957][1958][1959][1960][1961][1962][1963][1964][1965], and the CHD mortality rates are for 1973, for the age group 35-74 years, agestandardized. The U.S. is at the high end of the distribution for both variables, along with Finland, Australia and New Zealand. At the low end of the distribution note the position of Japan, unique among the highly industrialized countries both in regard to low intake of lipid-rich animal products a...

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“…There seems little doubt that major changes in diet can occur in populations, as is strikingly illustrated by studies such as the Ni-Hon-San Study 42 on the effects of emigration. The issue is, how can we direct change in the way we deem desirable in our highly pluralistic and laissez-faire society?…”

Section: Lessons For the Futurementioning

confidence: 99%

George Lyman Duff memorial lecture. Cholesterol revisited. Molecule, medicine, and media.

Goodman

1989

Arteriosclerosis

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Epidemiologic Studies of Coronary Heart Disease and Stroke in Japanese Men Living in Japan, Hawaii and California

Cited by 308 publications

References 0 publications

Dietary fats and coronary heart disease

Dietary fats and coronary heart disease

Research related to risk factors.

George Lyman Duff memorial lecture. Cholesterol revisited. Molecule, medicine, and media.

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