Epidemiological Analysis of Cassava Mosaic and Brown Streak Diseases, and Bemisia tabaci in the Comoros Islands

Shirima, Rudolph; Wosula, Everlyne N.; Hamza, Abdou Azali; Mohammed, Nobataine Ali; Mouigni, Hadji; Nouhou, S.; Mchinda, Naima Mmadi; Ceasar, Gloria; Amour, Massoud; Njukwe, Emmanuel; Legg, J.P.

doi:10.3390/v14102165

Cited by 9 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 68 publications

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“…These symptoms and negative RT-PCR results could possibly be due to presence of new variants of the virus isolates or the possible lack of the existing diagnostic assay to accurately detect the viruses or possible new variants. Similar findings were reported by Shirima et al (2022). Inversely, there were cassava plants without CBSD symptoms which tested positive for CBSV.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

“…The area under cassava production on average was ranging from 0.5 to 1 ha as reported by 39.2% of respondents and this in agreement with previous reports by Chikoti et al (2016) and Kidasi et al (2021). Therefore, for farmers to realize the benefits of high cassava productivity and utilization potential, there is need to promote large-scale cultivation of cassava in many cassava-growing regions (Shirima et al, 2019).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 86%

“…These practices have been reported to be the main source of virus inoculum in cassava farms within the subsequent crop cycles as per the reports from previous studies (Mbewe et al, 2015;Maruthi et al, 2017). In addition, since cassava is a vegetatively propagated crop the quality of recycled planting material gradually degenerates due to pests and disease infections, agronomic and other factors (Calvert and Thresh, 2002;Shirima et al, 2019).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 73%

“…These results demonstrate that farmers lack knowledge of the importance of clean planting materials as a critical factor that determines the success of cassava production. The farmers' inability to recognize the foliar symptoms coupled with significant amounts of infections, results to increased risk of transmission of the disease in their own farms and yield reduction over time (Legg et al, 2011;Shirima et al, 2019). These practices of recycling and exchange of cassava cuttings are common in many parts of sub-Saharan Africa where cassava is grown (Chipeta et al, 2016;Munguti et al, 2018;Shirima et al, 2019;Kidasi et al, 2021).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The farmers' inability to recognize the foliar symptoms coupled with significant amounts of infections, results to increased risk of transmission of the disease in their own farms and yield reduction over time (Legg et al, 2011;Shirima et al, 2019). These practices of recycling and exchange of cassava cuttings are common in many parts of sub-Saharan Africa where cassava is grown (Chipeta et al, 2016;Munguti et al, 2018;Shirima et al, 2019;Kidasi et al, 2021). These practices have been reported to be the main source of virus inoculum in cassava farms within the subsequent crop cycles as per the reports from previous studies (Mbewe et al, 2015;Maruthi et al, 2017).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Survey of cassava brown streak disease and association of factors influencing its epidemics in smallholder cassava cropping systems of coastal Kenya

Munguti¹,

Nyaboga²,

Kilalo³

et al. 2023

Front. Sustain. Food Syst.

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Cassava productivity is threatened by viral diseases which have become the main phytosanitary problems in cassava farmers. Cassava brown streak disease (CBSD) is a devastating viral disease caused by Cassava brown streak virus (CBSV) and Ugandan cassava brown streak virus (UCBSV) which are transmitted by whitefly vectors and mainly disseminated through the use of infected stem cuttings as planting materials. The aim of the current study was to: (1) assess farmers' knowledge, perceptions on spread, causes and current management practices of CBSD; (2) determine the factors associated with farmers' satisfaction with cassava planting material; and (3) determine the distribution, incidence, and severity of CBSD and association of factors influencing the disease epidemics in smallholder cassava cropping systems in coastal Kenya. Information was collected using semi-structured questionnaire administered to 250 smallholder farmers through face-to-face interviews coupled with field visits to assess the incidence, severity and distribution of CBSD. Symptomatic and asymptomatic cassava leaf samples were collected for reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) analysis of the causal viruses of CBSD. The results revealed that majority of the farmers (96.6%) could recognize CBSD symptoms on the roots, and only 11.5% could recognize the foliar symptoms of the disease. The cause of the disease was unknown to the farmers, with no effective management methods available to them. Majority of farmers (82.5%) recycled own cassava cuttings from previous season's crop as planting material followed by exchanging/borrowing from neighbors (67.5%). The field incidence of CBSD was highest in Kilifi (27.9%) followed by Kwale (24.7%) and Taita Taveta (10.8%), with severities ranging from 2 to 3 in the three Counties. RT-PCR analysis indicated that 91% of the symptomatic samples tested positive for either of the two viruses occurring either singly or as dual infection. Approximately 3.2% of the asymptomatic samples tested positive for only CBSV. Findings from this study demonstrates the need for awareness creation of farmers on the causes, spread and management practices to control CBSD and the importance of strengthening certified cassava seed systems to reduce the impact of the disease. The study provides base-line information imperative for development of management strategies of CBSD.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 86%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 73%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Survey of cassava brown streak disease and association of factors influencing its epidemics in smallholder cassava cropping systems of coastal Kenya

Munguti¹,

Nyaboga²,

Kilalo³

et al. 2023

Front. Sustain. Food Syst.

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Barriers confronting smallholder cassava farmers in the adoption and utilization of climate‐smart agriculture in the Afigya Kwabre South District, Ghana

Baffour‐Ata,

Boakye,

Acquah

et al. 2024

Climate Resilience

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Climate‐smart agriculture (CSA) is key to addressing climate change threats faced by smallholder farmers in Ghana. Nonetheless, evidence of the barriers challenging smallholder farmers in the implementation of CSA practices remains limited in Ghana. This study, therefore, investigated the barriers opposing smallholder cassava farmers in implementing CSA practices in the Afigya Kwabre South District, Ghana. The study used descriptive statistics and content analysis to analyze primary data collected through 200 household surveys and 10 key informant interviews from four selected communities (Aboabogya, Aduamoa, Aduman Old Town, and Aduman New Town) in the district. Results revealed that the smallholder cassava farmers implemented key CSA practices including mulching (89%), mixed farming (86%), crop diversification (84%), and crop rotation (81%) to build their resilience in food systems. Furthermore, the results showed that the critical enablers to the farmers’ utilization of CSA practices were access to weather and climate services (82%), a secured land tenure system (75%), and knowledge of the effects of climate change (68%). Also, the results indicated that the key barriers challenging smallholder cassava farmers in the implementation of CSA practices were inadequate technological assistance (91%), the incidence of pests and diseases (90%), and a lack of knowledge and understanding of CSA (90%). We recommend that smallholder cassava farmers adopt improved varieties of cassava that are resistant to pests and diseases, drought tolerant, high yielding, and possessing desirable quality traits. Smallholder cassava farmers can also participate in contract farming schemes that link them to agribusinesses that can offer them access to quality inputs, credit, training, and guaranteed markets for their produce.

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Mapping and predicting cassava mosaic disease outbreaks using earth observation and meteorological data-driven approaches

Chaiyana,

Khiripet,

Ninsawat

et al. 2024

Remote Sensing Applications: Society and Environment

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Epidemiological Analysis of Cassava Mosaic and Brown Streak Diseases, and Bemisia tabaci in the Comoros Islands

Cited by 9 publications

References 68 publications

Survey of cassava brown streak disease and association of factors influencing its epidemics in smallholder cassava cropping systems of coastal Kenya

Survey of cassava brown streak disease and association of factors influencing its epidemics in smallholder cassava cropping systems of coastal Kenya

Barriers confronting smallholder cassava farmers in the adoption and utilization of climate‐smart agriculture in the Afigya Kwabre South District, Ghana

Mapping and predicting cassava mosaic disease outbreaks using earth observation and meteorological data-driven approaches

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