Epidemiological and Bacteriological Profile of Urinary Tract Infections Diagnosed at The Bacteriology Laboratory of the Centre Hospitalier Universitaire De Fann, Dakar from January 1er to December 31 2020

Abstract

Introduction Urinary tract infections are extremely frequent and caused by bacteria whose treatment is based on the administration of antibiotics. The emergence and spread of acquired resistance mechanisms are limiting the indications for a number of antibiotics. It is in this context that this work is set, the main objective of which is to study the epidemiological and bacteriological profile of urinary tract infections at the CHNU de Fann, Dakar. Methodology: This is a retrospective study covering a one-year period from January 1er to December 31 2020. All patients received at the laboratory for an ECBU request were included. Data collection was based on information sheets and bench registers. The following information was collected : age, sex, germ isolated, antibiotic susceptibility profile. These data were processed using R. Studio software version 3.6.3, 2019. Results : We received 3697 requests for bacteriological examination of urine. The mean age of patients in our series was 48.7 years, with extremes of 15 days and 113 years. The 60 to 80 age group was the most affected. Women were more affected, with a rate of 51.03%, compared with 48.97% for men. A total of 3,697 urine samples were received during the study period, of which 776 were positive after analysis, representing a rate of 21%. 845 bacteria, with enterobacteria predominating (73.14%), followed by Gram-negative non-fermentative bacilli (13.37%) and Gram-positive cocci (13.27%). Escherichia coli was the most prevalent species, with a frequency of 36.09%, followed by Klebsiella pneumoniae (17.99%), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (8.16%), Staphylococcus aureus (6.63%), Enterobacter spp (6.50%), Citrobacter spp (4.02%), Acinetobacter spp (3.73%), Streptococcus spp (3.67%).Enterobacter spp (52.72%), Escherichia coli (47.53%) and Klebsiella pneumoniae (49.34%) showed a high prevalence of ESBL. Staphylococci showed a high rate of resistance to methicillin (55.71%).