Epidemiological and Clinical Profile of Breast Cancer at Bamako Radiotherapy Center

Abstract

Breast cancer is a major public health problem because of its incidence and mortality. Purpose: To establish the epidemiological and clinical characteristics of breast cancer seen at the radiotherapy center at the Mali Hospital of Bamako. Patients and methods: It was a retrospective, descriptive study of data from patients seen for breast cancer at the Center of Radiotherapy of Mali Hospital between April 2014 and December 2016. The parameters studied were: age, sex, family history of breast cancer, menopausal status, parity, breast tumor location, histological type, histological grade, cancer classification stage. Results: 134 cases of breast cancer were collected, with a frequency of 15%. The sex ratio (H/F) of 0.007. The patient's mean age was 47 ± 11 years old. The most represented age groups were 33-47 years old with 45.5% and 48-62 years old with 39%. Three percent (3%) of patients had a family history of breast cancer. Fifty (50%) of the patients were menopausal. The main clinical signs found were : mammary nodules (98%), mastodynia (65%), nodes (67%). Invasive ductal carcinomas were found in 94% of patients, followed by infiltrating lobular carcinomas with 3.7% and metaplastic carcinomas with 1.7%. SBR Grades II and III were mostly found with 37% and 23%. The average tumor size was 87 mm ± 43. Stage III was predominantly represented with 72%, followed by Stage II with 24% and Stages I and IV with 2% each. Conclusion: Breast cancer is common and reaches both before and after 50 years; the diagnosis is usually late; hence it is the importance of raising awareness and screening before the age of 50 and popularizing some complementary tests to better understand the prognosis of this disease and promote more targeted and conservative treatments that will improve survival.