Epidemiological and diagnostic aspects of feline leishmaniasis with emphasis on Brazil: a narrative review

Nascimento, Luiz F J; Cirilo, Tatyane Martins; Gomes, Dharliton Soares; Gomes, Ana Carolina Amado; Lima, Víctor Fernando Santana; Scher, Ricardo; Jain, Sona; Fujiwara, Ricardo Toshio; Dolabella, Silvio Santana

doi:10.1007/s00436-021-07372-9

Cited by 19 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 96 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…Although the seroprevalence of 10% observed here was greater than that found by Braga et al (2014a) and Metzdorf et al (2017) in cats from Campo Grande, Mato Grosso do Sul state, the role of this domestic species in the transmission and maintenance of L. infantum in endemic areas of Brazil is not well established (Nascimento et al, 2022). Cats seem to have no epidemiological importance in endemic areas for VL since we found only one animal with L. infantum, in accordance with Berenguer et al (2021) that detected amastigotes forms in a single cat (1/128) from Pernambuco state.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 87%

The outcomes of polyparasitism in stray cats from Brazilian Midwest assessed by epidemiological, hematological and pathological data

Silva

Andrade

Carvalho

et al. 2022

Rev. Bras. Parasitol. Vet.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

We evaluated the epidemiological, hematological, and pathological data of Leishmania spp., Toxoplasma gondii, Platynosomum illiciens, feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV), and feline leukemia virus (FeLV) infections and the coinfections in stray cats of an endemic area for leishmaniasis. The diagnosis was performed by serological tests and necropsy. We described gross lesions and histopathological findings. We used immunohistochemistry and chromogenic in situ hybridization for L. infantum detection. We found infection in 27 out of 50 sampled cats, among them, 14 presented coinfections. A strong correlation between splenomegaly and lymphadenomegaly with FeLV, and an association between hepatic lesions and cachexia with parasitism due to P. illiciens were observed. Moreover, we found a significant increase in the monocyte count in the FeLV-infected and a decrease in the red blood cell count in the FIV-infected animals. Amastigote forms of Leishmania spp. and tissue changes were detected in lymphoid organs of an animal coinfected with P. illiciens, T. gondii, and FIV. Polyparasitism recorded in stray cats of the Brazilian Midwest should be considered in effective control strategies for public health diseases. Moreover, stray cats of Campo Grande may be a source of infection of FIV, FeLV and P. illiciens for populations of domiciled cats.

show abstract

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 87%

The outcomes of polyparasitism in stray cats from Brazilian Midwest assessed by epidemiological, hematological and pathological data

Silva

Andrade

Carvalho

et al. 2022

Rev. Bras. Parasitol. Vet.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…No estudo foi encontrada ocorrência de DNA de L. infantum em 4,72% dos gatos amostrados. Em áreas endêmicas, tem sido cada vez mais documentada a participação de gatos domésticos como potenciais hospedeiros sentinelas na cadeia epidemiológica da enfermidade 3,4,5,29 . A LV está amplamente distribuída no Brasil e no mundo 6,30 , caracterizada como uma doença emergente e endêmica, sendo amplamente diagnosticada na Região Nordeste do país e no estado de Pernambuco 31 .…”

Section: Discussionunclassified

Diagnóstico molecular de agentes parasitários e coronavírus em gatos no Nordeste do Brasil.

Pesqueira

Martins

Farias

et al. 2023

Braz. Jour. Global Health

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

OBJETIVO: O presente estudo realizou diagnóstico molecular e analisou fatores de risco associados à infecção de Leishmania spp. Hemoplasmas, Bartonella spp. e Pan-coronavírus em gatos do Nordeste do Brasil. MÉTODOS: Foram obtidas 127 amostras sanguíneas e 52 amostras de swabs retal de gatos domiciliados e errantes que foram extraídas e submetidas à PCR convencional (cPCR) com alvo na região kDNA de Leishmania spp. e do gene gltA de Bartonella spp.; e triadas por PCR em tempo real (qPCR) direcionado para o gene 16S rRNA de hemoplasmas. Amostras de RNA extraídas dos sobrenadantes de suspensões fecais foram submetidas à cPCR visando gene pan-coronavírus nsp12. RESULTADOS: A frequência de positividade foi de 12,6% (16/127) para hemoplasmas e 4,7% (6/127) para Leishmania spp., sendo identificada co-positividade para ambos os agentes em 0,79% (1/127) dos gatos avaliados. As amostras para Bartonella spp. e pan-coronavírus não foram amplificadas. Dos animais positivos para Leishmania e hemoplasma, 66,6% (4/6) e 81,2% (13/16), apresentaram maior frequência de sinais clínicos como: êmese, apatia e pirexia. CONCLUSÃO: Este estudo relata, pela primeira vez, coinfecção por Leishmania spp. e hemoplasmas em gatos da mesorregião do São Francisco, Nordeste do Brasil, expressando risco no subdiagnóstico de doenças felinas relevantes em saúde pública.

show abstract

“…The results of this study indicate that leishmaniosis should be included in the differential diagnosis of sick cats living in, or with a history of travel to, areas where CanL is endemic [ 1 – 3 , 84 ]. Prevalences of FeL in endemic areas as shown by positive PCR range from 0 to 100% (mean 21.3%), whilst those indicated by positive serology range from 0 to 70.5% (mean 13.7%) [ 1 , 10 , 85 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Furthermore, as previously reported for CanL [ 86 , 87 ], increased movement of pet cats between countries, especially inside Europe, could lead to clinical cases of FeL being diagnosed in areas that are not endemic for L. infantum [ 30 , 41 ]. However, although there have been epidemiological studies on FeL in areas that are also endemic for CanL, such as Brazil [ 1 , 84 ], only one case from Brazil was included in the current study. Possible reasons for this include the non-detection of other cases from Brazil due to the criteria used in this study, and/or perhaps because feline medicine is less developed there, and/or because most knowledge on leishmaniosis is focused on dogs.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Review and statistical analysis of clinical management of feline leishmaniosis caused by Leishmania infantum

et al. 2022

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background There is limited information about feline leishmaniosis (FeL) management in clinical practice. Leishmania infantum is the species of Leishmania most frequently reported in both dogs and cats in countries of the Mediterranean region (henceforth ‘Mediterranean countries’), Central and South America, and Iran. This study was conducted to provide veterinary clinicians with an updated overview of evidence-based information on leishmaniosis in cats. Methods A review was performed using PubMed, Science Direct, Google Scholar and Web of Science. Case reports of FeL caused by L. infantum were sought for the period 1912 to 1 June 2021. Results Sixty-three case reports are included in this review. Fifty-nine out of the 63 cats were from Europe, mostly from Mediterranean countries (88.9%). Most of them were domestic short-haired cats (90%) with a mean age of 7.9 years, and had access to the outdoors (77.3%). Sixty-six percent of the cats had comorbidities, of which feline immunodeficiency virus infection was the most frequent (37.7%). Dermatological lesions (69.8%) was the most frequent clinical sign, and hyperproteinemia (46.3%) the most frequent clinicopathological abnormality. Serology was the most performed diagnostic method (76.2%) and was positive for 93.7% of cats. Medical treatment was applied in 71.4% of cats, and allopurinol was the most used drug (74.4%). Survival time was greater for treated cats (520 days; 71.4% of cats) than non-treated cats (210 days; 25.4%). Conclusions The majority of the cats had comorbidities, of which feline immunodeficiency virus was the most frequent. Dermatological lesions were frequently reported, and systemic clinical signs and clinicopathological abnormalities were also common. Serology may be useful for the diagnosis of FeL in clinical practice, and a positive titer of ≥ 1/40 may be a useful cut-off for sick cats. The reported treatments and dosages varied, but there was a good clinical response and longer survival in most of the cats treated with allopurinol monotherapy. Graphical abstract

show abstract

Epidemiological and diagnostic aspects of feline leishmaniasis with emphasis on Brazil: a narrative review

Cited by 19 publications

References 96 publications

The outcomes of polyparasitism in stray cats from Brazilian Midwest assessed by epidemiological, hematological and pathological data

The outcomes of polyparasitism in stray cats from Brazilian Midwest assessed by epidemiological, hematological and pathological data

Diagnóstico molecular de agentes parasitários e coronavírus em gatos no Nordeste do Brasil.

Review and statistical analysis of clinical management of feline leishmaniosis caused by Leishmania infantum

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About