Epidemiological and Molecular Characteristics of a Highly Lethal Pneumococcal Meningitis Epidemic in Burkina Faso

Yaro, Seydou; Lourd, Mathilde; Traoré, Yves; Njanpop-Lafourcade, Berthe-Marie; Sawadogo, Adrien; Sangaré, Lassana; Hien, Alain; Ouédraogo, M.; Sanou, Oumarou; Châtelet, Isabelle Parent du; Koeck, Jean-Louis; Gessner, Bradford D.

doi:10.1086/506940

Cited by 116 publications

(110 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…However, the type 1 isolates used in this study were from Sweden, and infections with these clones have not led to fatal outcomes (12). In contrast, a different clonal complex of ST217 dominated invasive serotype 1-mediated disease in sub-Saharan Africa, leading to high lethality (14). Hence, we included a Swedish serotype 1 isolate of ST217 in the study.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Determination of Accessory Gene Patterns Predicts the Same Relatedness among Strains of Streptococcus pneumoniae as Sequencing of Housekeeping Genes Does and Represents a Novel Approach in Molecular Epidemiology

et al. 2008

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Relatedness between isolates of Streptococcus pneumoniae can be determined from sequences of multiple genes belonging to the core genome (multilocus sequence typing [MLST]), but these do not provide information on gene content that may affect the potential of isolates to cause invasive pneumococcal disease. Gene content data, obtained using microarrays, were gathered for 40 clinical isolates of 12 serotypes belonging to 30 multilocus sequence types. We found that sequence variations in housekeeping genes assessed by MLST correlated well with whole-genome microarray analyses identifying the presence/absence of accessory genes/ regions. However, isolates belonging to the same clonal complex, as determined by MLST, may not have identical gene contents, potentially affecting virulence. We found fewer intraclonal (same MLST sequence type) differences associated with pneumococcal serotypes of high invasive disease potential, i.e., serotypes rarely found among carriers compared to serotypes frequently found in carriage. Molecular typing of pneumococci based on the presence/absence of 25 genes localized to accessory regions shows the same relatedness among pneumococcal strains as MLST does. We conclude that molecular typing of pneumococci based on variation in the nucleotide sequences of parts of housekeeping genes (MLST) correlates with the presence/absence of genes in the accessory part of the genome. This covariation is likely due to the fact that both sequence variations and gene content variations are created primarily by recombination events in pneumococci.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Determination of Accessory Gene Patterns Predicts the Same Relatedness among Strains of Streptococcus pneumoniae as Sequencing of Housekeeping Genes Does and Represents a Novel Approach in Molecular Epidemiology

et al. 2008

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“…51,59 Differences in prevalence of the common infective organisms in patients with sickle cell disease between African and European countries, for example, are crucial to identify since this will dictate the effectiveness of prophylactic measures. Penicillin prophylaxis has played a major role in reducing mortality in developed countries 60 and it is important to find out whether it will be similarly beneficial in African countries where several groups have found that Streptococcus pneumoniae is also a major cause of morbidity and mortality 61,62 whereas others report that it is less common. 63 The growth of research collaborations in sickle cell disease between developing countries and well resourced countries 31,32,[61][62][63] has recently been highlighted as an important tool for improving clinical and diagnostic facilities in developing countries as well as advancing our knowledge of disease pathogenesis.…”

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confidence: 99%

Sickle cell disease as a paradigm of immigration hematology: new challenges for hematologists in Europe

Roberts¹,

Montalembert²

2007

Haematologica

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“…Although the majority of isolates encountered in this investigation were recovered from the south-eastern region, in particular from São (Spratt & Greenwood, 2000). Examples of clonal expansion associated with serotype 1 isolates have been described recently: the epidemic pneumococcal meningitis that occurred in the Africa meningitis belt, specifically in northern Ghana and Burkina Faso, were caused by serotype 1 isolates of the hypervirulent ST217 clonal complex (Leimkugel et al, 2005;Yaro et al, 2006), and the emergence of a single serotype 1 lineage (ST306) was reported among healthy carriers attending day-care centres in Portugal after the introduction of a seven-valent conjugate vaccine (Nunes et al, 2008).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 84%

Molecular assessment of invasive Streptococcus pneumoniae serotype 1 in Brazil: evidence of clonal replacement

Chiou

Andrade

Almeida

et al. 2008

Journal of Medical Microbiology

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In Brazil, serotype 1 Streptococcus pneumoniae is one of the most prevalent causes of severe infection. This study investigated the genetic relatedness of 134 serotype 1 isolates obtained from invasive diseases during the period . Molecular typing by PFGE revealed two major lineages using visual inspection and computer analysis. Type A comprised 94 isolates (70.2 %) with four subtypes, whereas type B comprised 40 isolates (29.8 %) with eight subtypes. Subtype A3, the most frequent genotype, accounting for 65 % of the total isolates, was identified as a representative of clone Sweden 1 -40 (ST304). Type B was predominant in the period [1977][1978][1979][1980][1981][1982][1983][1984][1985][1986][1987][1988]. In contrast, an increase in the type A lineage was detected from 1990 in Brazil, significantly associated with isolates recovered from pneumonia cases and from young patients. This study clearly established a temporal switch between two lineages of S. pneumoniae serotype 1 in Brazil, with a wide dispersion of clone Sweden 1 -40 in recent years. INTRODUCTIONThe polysaccharide capsule of Streptococcus pneumoniae can be used to define more than 90 pneumococcal serotypes, in addition to acting as the primary virulence determinant for this organism. Some serotypes are mostly associated with nasopharyngeal carriage, whilst others are more likely to be the causative agents of invasive disease (Alannee et al., 2007;Hausdorff et al., 2005).Serotype 1 ranks among the most prevalent invasive serotypes in many countries (Garcia et al., 2006;Konradsen & Kaltoft, 2002;McChlery et al., 2005;Porat et al., 2001). In Brazil, since 1977, serotype 1 has been identified as one of the most frequent pneumococci causing severe infections in both adult and paediatric patients (Brandileone et al., 2003). In the period 2000-2005, serotype 1 isolates were ranked fourth (5.6 %) among the principal serotypes identified in Brazilian children up to 6 years of age, preceded by serotypes 14 (35.9 %), 6B (11 %) and 18C (6.1 %) (Pan-American Health Organization, 2007).Serotype 1 has specific epidemiological features, including: (i) a low colonization frequency, even in populations in which serotype 1 is a frequent cause of pneumococcal infections (Laval et al., 2006;Normark et al., 2001;Nunes et al., 2008); (ii) the ability to cause outbreaks in communities and in crowded and closed institutions (Dagan et al., 2000;Leimkugel et al., 2005); (iii) an association with severe episodes of pneumonia and empyema in children (Byington et al., 2006); and (iv) susceptibility to most antimicrobial agents (Klugman & Koornhof, 1988). Recently, some authors have speculated that isolates of serotype 1, which are known to have a highly invasive potential, behave as primary pathogens, whereas other capsular types demonstrate opportunistic features (Garau & Calbo, 2007;Hausdorff, 2007). Molecular typing studies have greatly contributed to epidemiological investigations of pneumococci, mostly focusing on the global spread of penicillin-resistant clones (Brueggem...

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Epidemiological and Molecular Characteristics of a Highly Lethal Pneumococcal Meningitis Epidemic in Burkina Faso

Cited by 116 publications

References 25 publications

Determination of Accessory Gene Patterns Predicts the Same Relatedness among Strains of Streptococcus pneumoniae as Sequencing of Housekeeping Genes Does and Represents a Novel Approach in Molecular Epidemiology

Determination of Accessory Gene Patterns Predicts the Same Relatedness among Strains of Streptococcus pneumoniae as Sequencing of Housekeeping Genes Does and Represents a Novel Approach in Molecular Epidemiology

Sickle cell disease as a paradigm of immigration hematology: new challenges for hematologists in Europe

Molecular assessment of invasive Streptococcus pneumoniae serotype 1 in Brazil: evidence of clonal replacement

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