Epidemiological changes in rotavirus gastroenteritis in children under 5 years of age after the introduction of rotavirus vaccines in Korea

Choi, Ui Yoon; Lee, Soo Young; Hyuk, Sang; Jang, Young Taek; Kim, Jae Young; Kim, Hwang Min; Kim, Jong Hyun; Kim, Dong Soo; Kim, Yong Soo; Kang, Jin Han

doi:10.1007/s00431-013-1974-y

Cited by 26 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…Although rotavirus vaccines are recommended but not compulsory, the rate of individuals who had received two or three doses of a rotavirus vaccine was reported to be 65.6 % in Seoul and 52.4 % nationwide (2013 Korean National Immunization Survey, http://www.cdc.go.kr ). As a result, the proportion of rotavirus infection among hospitalized children with gastroenteritis has been decreasing remarkably [ 2 , 5 ]. According to a recent Korean Center for Disease Control report ( http://www.cdc.go.kr ), the incidence of rotavirus gastroenteritis was lower than that of norovirus in 2015.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Regarding the other notable changes in clinical epidemiology after the introduction of rotavirus vaccines, a few studies reported patterns of seasonal change or age change in addition to decreased overall prevalence of rotavirus infection [ 2 , 5 , 10 ]. A delay of the rotavirus season by 2–3 months was observed in Seoul in a multicenter study during 2007–2010 [ 2 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Changing distribution of age, clinical severity, and genotypes of rotavirus gastroenteritis in hospitalized children after the introduction of vaccination: a single center study in Seoul between 2011 and 2014

et al. 2016

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BackgroundThis study aimed to explore changes in clinical epidemiology and genotype distribution and their association among hospitalized children with rotavirus gastroenteritis after the introduction of vaccines.MethodsBetween November 2010 and October 2014, hospitalized children with acute gastroenteritis were enrolled. Rotavirus genotypes were confirmed through reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), semi-nested PCR, and sequencing. Clinical information including vaccination status and the modified Vesikari scores were collected.ResultsAmong 179 children with rotavirus infection, nineteen (10.6 %) were completely vaccinated. During the study period, the number of children between three and 23 months of age decreased significantly compared to the number of children older than 24 months of age (P = 0.010), who showed lower diarrhea severity (duration, P = 0.042; frequency, P = 0.021) but higher vomiting severity (P = 0.007, 0.036) compared to the former. Vaccination status was also significantly associated with lower vomiting severity after adjustment for age (frequency only, P = 0.018). The predominant genotypes were G2P[4] (18.4 %), G1P[8] (14.5 %), and G1P[4]P[8] (12.8 %), and the prevalence of genotypes with uncommon and mixed combinations was more than 50 %. Children infected with G2P[4] strains tended to be older (P = 0.005) and had more severe vomiting (P = 0.018, 0.006) than those with G1P[8].ConclusionsIncrease in age of infected, hospitalized children was accompanied by change in clinical severity during 2011–2014 after the introduction of vaccines in Seoul. Clinical severity was also associated with vaccination status and genotype. Long-term large scale studies are needed to document the significance of the increase in genotypes of uncommon and mixed combinations.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12879-016-1623-y) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Changing distribution of age, clinical severity, and genotypes of rotavirus gastroenteritis in hospitalized children after the introduction of vaccination: a single center study in Seoul between 2011 and 2014

et al. 2016

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“…Rotavirus is the most frequently reported, occurring in 40% to 50% patients with CwG before the rotavirus vaccine was introduced [3,5,10,15,17,23,24]. Rotavirus vaccines were introduced in South Korea in 2007, with the vaccination rate reaching 50% in 2009 [32,33]. These vaccines have decreased the rate of rotavirus positivity in patients with CwG, but the total incidence of CwG did not decrease since the incidence of norovirus infections has increased to become the leading pathogen in recent years [4][5][6].…”

Section: Pathogensmentioning

confidence: 99%

Benign Convulsions with Mild Gastroenteritis

Kim

2020

Ann Child Neurol

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Benign convulsions with mild gastroenteritis (CwG) are a well-known type of benign seizures that occur in infants and children aged between 6 months and 3 years and are associated with acute (viral) gastroenteritis. The pathogens found in the stool of CwG patients are mostly rotavirus or norovirus, which can result in mild dehydration. Short-lasting seizures (≤5 minutes) occur in clusters within 24 hours, without provoking features such as fever, abnormal laboratory findings in the blood (e.g., hypoglycemia, hyponatremia, or hypocalcemia), or abnormal results in the cerebrospinal fluid (e.g., central nervous system infection). Electroencephalography in CwG patients shows normal or mildly abnormal findings, and brain imaging findings are normal. Affected children develop normally before and after the seizures. The occurrence of seizures does not require the repeated use of first-or second-line intravenous antiepileptic drugs in the acute stage or daily antiepileptic drug medications, since they usually do not recur and have a good prognosis. Patients with CwG rarely have a family history of epilepsy. Although the mean interval between enteric symptom onset and seizure onset in CwG is roughly 2 days, some patients can experience seizures before enteric symptoms, meaning that clinicians should exercise caution during early winter and spring, when the prevalence of CwG is especially high. Additionally, reports of CwG in Korea are roughly as common as in Japan and other East Asian countries, and pediatricians should therefore be familiar with its clinical characteristics and take care not to overprescribe antiepileptic drugs in patients with CwG.

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“…In addition, most of the phytoviruses that multiply in insect vectors and are transmitted through the circulative mode are classified in families that also contain animal viruses. This is true for family Reoviridae , which includes rotavirus, a major cause of gastroenteritis in humans [ 36 ], family Rhabdoviridae , which notably includes rabies virus [ 37 ], and family Bunyaviridae , which encompasses human pathogens such as Hantaan virus and Toscana virus [ 38 , 39 , 40 ]. Within the family Rhabdoviridae , genomic organization indicates that some plant viruses of genera Nucleorhabdovirus and Cytorhabdoviru s differ from animal viruses of genera Vesiculovirus , Lyssavirus , Novirhabdovirus and Ephemerovirus only by the presence of an additional gene coding for a movement protein, a protein essential for the systemic spread of the virus in the host plant [ 17 , 18 , 37 , 41 ].…”

Section: Close Relatedness Between Plant and Animal Viruses And Evmentioning

confidence: 99%

Can Plant Viruses Cross the Kingdom Border and Be Pathogenic to Humans?

Balique

Lecoq²,

Raoult

et al. 2015

Viruses

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Phytoviruses are highly prevalent in plants worldwide, including vegetables and fruits. Humans, and more generally animals, are exposed daily to these viruses, among which several are extremely stable. It is currently accepted that a strict separation exists between plant and vertebrate viruses regarding their host range and pathogenicity, and plant viruses are believed to infect only plants. Accordingly, plant viruses are not considered to present potential pathogenicity to humans and other vertebrates. Notwithstanding these beliefs, there are many examples where phytoviruses circulate and propagate in insect vectors. Several issues are raised here that question if plant viruses might further cross the kingdom barrier to cause diseases in humans. Indeed, there is close relatedness between some plant and animal viruses, and almost identical gene repertoires. Moreover, plant viruses can be detected in non-human mammals and humans samples, and there are evidence of immune responses to plant viruses in invertebrates, non-human vertebrates and humans, and of the entry of plant viruses or their genomes into non-human mammal cells and bodies after experimental exposure. Overall, the question raised here is unresolved, and several data prompt the additional extensive study of the interactions between phytoviruses and non-human mammals and humans, and the potential of these viruses to cause diseases in humans.

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Epidemiological changes in rotavirus gastroenteritis in children under 5 years of age after the introduction of rotavirus vaccines in Korea

Abstract: Epidemiologic changes in Korea after the introduction of rotavirus vaccine are consistent with changes observed in other countries.

Cited by 26 publications

References 21 publications

Changing distribution of age, clinical severity, and genotypes of rotavirus gastroenteritis in hospitalized children after the introduction of vaccination: a single center study in Seoul between 2011 and 2014

Changing distribution of age, clinical severity, and genotypes of rotavirus gastroenteritis in hospitalized children after the introduction of vaccination: a single center study in Seoul between 2011 and 2014

Benign Convulsions with Mild Gastroenteritis

Can Plant Viruses Cross the Kingdom Border and Be Pathogenic to Humans?

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