Epidemiological characteristics of cancers in patients with end-stage kidney disease: a Korean nationwide study

Abstract

Patients with end-stage kidney disease (ESKD) have been reported to have an increased risk of cancer. However, the epidemiological characteristics of cancer in ESKD patients remain unclear. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the epidemiological characteristics of cancer in ESKD patients and the differences based on the renal replacement therapy provided. Data on ESKD patients were obtained from the South Korean nationwide cohort Health Insurance Review and Assessment Service database. This study included 58,831 eligible patients of the total 813,907 patients diagnosed with ESKD between January 1, 2007 and December 31, 2017. Of the 58,831 ESKD patients, 3292 (5.6%) were newly diagnosed with cancer. The average duration between the diagnosis of ESKD and cancer was 3.3 ± 1.9 years (mean ± standard deviation), with no differences between hemodialysis, peritoneal dialysis, and kidney transplant groups. The most commonly observed cancer sites in ESKD patients were the colorectum, lung, and liver. The incidence of cancer increased progressively among patients undergoing kidney transplant, peritoneal dialysis, and hemodialysis in that order. Hemodialysis patients were found to have an increased risk of digestive tract cancer compared with kidney transplant patients (adjusted hazard ratio = 1.9; 95% confidence interval: 1.31–2.81; P < 0.001). The study findings may be a useful reference for cancer-screening guidelines.

Desenvolvimento de neoplasias em pacientes em diálise: revisão de literatura

“…Outro estudo que também analisou as taxas epidemiológicas de cânceres nos pacientes com doença renal terminal foi a coorte de Lee et al (2021). Nesse estudo, para além da análise das taxas de câncer em pacientes realizando hemodiálise, também se avaliou aqueles em uso de Brazilian Journal of Health Review, Curitiba, v. 6, n. 5, p. 20382-20388, sep/oct., 2023 diálise peritoneal e que realizaram transplante.…”

Chimeric antigen receptor T-cell therapy in a dialysis patient with lymphoma

“…Patients with ESKD have an increased risk of malignancies, though the prevalence of hematological malignancies in ESKRD remains unclear. Recently, Lee et al 10 used a large nationwide database to retrospectively analyze cancer risk in Korean ESKD patients and noted the highest risk of malignancy in recipients of a kidney transplant, followed by those undergoing peritoneal dialysis and, lastly, HD. The most observed cancer sites were the gastrointestinal tract (41.9%), respiratory tract (13%), and urinary tract (11.2%).…”

Clinical outcomes between elderly ESKD patients under peritoneal dialysis and hemodialysis: a national cohort study

“…However, there are very few studies investigating which renal replacement modality is associated with the higher incidence of cancer. One prior study indicated that the incidence of cancer was lowest in kidney transplant patients, followed by peritoneal dialysis patients, with the highest incidence observed in hemodialysis patients 42 . For the elderly ESKD patients, our study reached a similar conclusion.…”