2008
DOI: 10.1128/aac.00156-08
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Epidemiological Cutoffs and Cross-Resistance to Azole Drugs in Aspergillus fumigatus

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Cited by 200 publications
(212 citation statements)
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“…Also, MECs were defined microscopically as the lowest concentrations of drugs leading to the growth of small, rounded and compact hyphal forms, compared with long, unbranched hyphal clusters in the controls (CLSI, 2008). Considering the breakpoints proposed by Verweij et al (2009a) for itraconazole, voriconazole (susceptible: < 2 mg l À1 ; intermediate: 2 mg l À1 ; resistant: > 2 mg l À1 ) and posaconazole (susceptible: < 0.5 mg l À1 ; intermediate: 0.5 mg l À1 ; resistant: > 0.5 mg l À1 ), itraconazole (1 mg l À1 ), voriconazole (1 mg l À1 ) and posaconazole (0.5 mg l À1 ) with MICs above the proposed epidemiological cut-off values against A. fumigatus isolates were selected for further analysis (Espinel-Ingroff et al, 2010;Rodriguez-Tudela et al, 2008). PCR amplification started with an initial denaturation at 95 C for 1 min, followed by 35 cycles of denaturation at 94 C (60 s), 60 C (30 s) and 72 C (60 s) and a final 10 min extension at 72 C. PCR products were run on 2 % agarose gel (Ahmad et al, 2014).…”
Section: Methodsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Also, MECs were defined microscopically as the lowest concentrations of drugs leading to the growth of small, rounded and compact hyphal forms, compared with long, unbranched hyphal clusters in the controls (CLSI, 2008). Considering the breakpoints proposed by Verweij et al (2009a) for itraconazole, voriconazole (susceptible: < 2 mg l À1 ; intermediate: 2 mg l À1 ; resistant: > 2 mg l À1 ) and posaconazole (susceptible: < 0.5 mg l À1 ; intermediate: 0.5 mg l À1 ; resistant: > 0.5 mg l À1 ), itraconazole (1 mg l À1 ), voriconazole (1 mg l À1 ) and posaconazole (0.5 mg l À1 ) with MICs above the proposed epidemiological cut-off values against A. fumigatus isolates were selected for further analysis (Espinel-Ingroff et al, 2010;Rodriguez-Tudela et al, 2008). PCR amplification started with an initial denaturation at 95 C for 1 min, followed by 35 cycles of denaturation at 94 C (60 s), 60 C (30 s) and 72 C (60 s) and a final 10 min extension at 72 C. PCR products were run on 2 % agarose gel (Ahmad et al, 2014).…”
Section: Methodsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…In order to distinguish non-wild type isolates, the European Committee on Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing (EUCAST) has established epidemiological cut-off values (ECV) for clinically relevant Aspergillus spp. against AmB, ITZ (itraconazole), POS, VOR, and CAS [33]. MIC values of isolates from patients who have experienced treatment failure have largely fallen beyond these ECVs, thus supporting the definition of ECVs as the MIC threshold that allows the identification of isolates likely to carry resistance mechanisms.…”
Section: Antifungal Resistance In Aspergillusmentioning
confidence: 92%
“…However it was not possible to amplify the other isolates with the primer pair employed. This is because A. niger is a species complex consisting of numerous different strains [14] and several other primer pairs would have to be used in order to amplify the other isolates [15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29].…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%