Epidemiological features and immunization against typhoid fever

Lobzin, Yu. V.; Львов, В Л; Kaira, A. N.; Markina, A. A.; Elkina, S. I.; Ankudinov, I.V.; Kazakov, I.A.; Golovina, M.E.; Gancho, T.V.; Kozhinova, E. V.; Shmigol, V.I.; Romanenko, Victor; Aparin, Petr G.; Co., Atv D-Team

doi:10.33029/2305-3496-2020-9-2-106-114

Infectious diseases: News, Opinions, Training

2020

DOI: 10.33029/2305-3496-2020-9-2-106-114

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Epidemiological features and immunization against typhoid fever

Yu. V. Lobzin¹,

В Л Львов²,

A. N. Kaira³

et al.

Abstract: Федеральное государственное бюджетное учреждение «Детский научно-клинический центр инфекционных болезней Федерального медико-биологического агентства», 197022, г. Санкт-Петербург, Российская Федерация 2 Общество с ограниченной ответственностью «ГРИТВАК», 115522, г. Москва, Российская Федерация 3 Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение дополнительного профессионального образования «Российская медицинская академия непрерывного профессионального образования» Министерства здравоохранения Р… Show more

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A case of a combined course of typhoid fever and leptospirosis

Kharlamova,

Barysheva,

Polovinkina

et al. 2024

Epidemiology and Infectious Diseases

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These days co-infections are becoming increasingly relevant and urgent for research. The development of international tourism causes wide spreading of various infectious diseases from countries with unfavorable sanitary and hygienic conditions. The article analyses the clinical case of a patient who recently returned from India and who developed the combined course of typhoid fever and leptospirosis on the background of astrovirus infection and blastocystosis. The disease debuted with symptoms of enteritis, low-grade fever, and mild intoxication. The patient repeatedly sought medical help. Diagnoses of “Acute respiratory viral infection” and “Intestinal infection of unknown etiology” were established. Symptomatic therapy was carried out without a positive effect; fever and severe asthenic syndrome persisted. The patient was hospitalized on the 18th day of illness in a condition of moderate severity. Taking into account clinical, anamnestic, epidemiological data and laboratory examination results, typhoid fever was diagnosed. Using the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) method, Astrovirus RNA was detected in the stool, and Blastocystis hominis was detected during stool examination. Despite the ongoing pathogenetic and antibacterial therapy, considering the determination of the pathogen's sensitivity to antibiotics, the patient's condition worsened. On the 23rd day of illness, the appearance of jaundice, hemorrhagic syndrome, and signs of acute renal failure were noted. An in-depth analysis of changes in the clinical and laboratory aspects of the disease, considering epidemiological history data (stay in a region endemic for leptospirosis), made it possible to diagnose leptospirosis and carry out correction of antibacterial therapy. Carrying out complex intensive therapy with the use of extracorporeal treatment methods helped prevent the development of unfavorable outcomes of combined pathology. This clinical case illustrates the need for doctors to be wary of the problem of imported infections and to conduct additional comprehensive investigation for suspected cases.

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A case of a combined course of typhoid fever and leptospirosis

Kharlamova,

Barysheva,

Polovinkina

et al. 2024

Epidemiology and Infectious Diseases

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

Modern aspects of epidemiology and prevention of typhoid infection (review)

Kaira

Лавров

Свитич

2021

Sanitarnyj Vrač (Sanitary Doctor)

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Typhoid fever is still an urgent infection, especially in countries where the majority of the population lives below the poverty line, with limited resources, and without the ability to comply with basic hygiene rules. About 11 million cases of typhoid fever are registered worldwide every year, and about 400 people die from this infection every day. The global development of international relations activates migration processes, tourism, and provides rapid movement of significant masses of people around the world, which makes the risk of widespread typhoid infection quite real. In recent years, due to the emergence of antibiotic-resistant strains of S. typhi, treatment of typhoid fever has become less effective. Natural disasters in the form of earthquakes and floods, man-made disasters, as well as military conflicts that occur in different parts of the world, are fertile «soil» for the emergence and spread of typhoid infection, which actualizes the implementation of appropriate prevention measures, including immunoprophylaxis of the disease. Despite the obvious success in the fight against typhoid fever, which consists in a significant reduction in cases of typhoid infection in the world, this dangerous infectious disease still remains an urgent problem, both for health authorities and the population of many countries. Children and young people are still ill, and there is a real risk of infection spreading to any country. Natural disasters pose a real threat of typhoid outbreaks and epidemics. Mass appearance of antibiotic-resistant strains of S. typhi significantly complicates the treatment of patients, dictates the need for constant monitoring of the pathogen’s resistance to antibiotics and the introduction of typhoid immunoprophylaxis for epidemic indications among professional risk groups, labor migrants, and tourists traveling to countries with typhoid-affected countries. There is also a need for reliable epidemiological surveillance of this infection, carried out on an ongoing basis.

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Epidemiological features and immunization against typhoid fever

Cited by 2 publications

References 2 publications

A case of a combined course of typhoid fever and leptospirosis

A case of a combined course of typhoid fever and leptospirosis

Modern aspects of epidemiology and prevention of typhoid infection (review)

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