Epidemiological features of BLV natural infection

Lomónaco, Marina; Álvarez, Irene; Martínez, Cecilia; Porta, Natalia Gabriela; Merlini, Ramiro; Carignano, Hugo Adrián; Gutiérrez, Gerónimo; Trono, K.

doi:10.1186/1742-4690-11-s1-p45

Cited by 7 publications

(8 citation statements)

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Section: Transmissionmentioning

confidence: 90%

“…Different studies performed by our group in dairy herds of Argentina have revealed that the presence of provirus in colostrum is significantly correlated with the blood PVL ( 60 , 68 ). Our studies have also shown that the colostrum of individual cows shows different provirus/antibody profiles, and that consumption of colostrum with infected cells and a poor content of antibodies could play a critical role in BLV propagation during young age ( 59 , 60 ). In addition, when analyzing the relationship between the level of BLV antibodies and the PVL in blood and milk of lactating cows under natural conditions, we found a negative correlation, suggesting that the consumption of raw milk containing provirus or free virus particles and low levels of antibodies could favor BLV transmission to calves ( 58 ).…”

Section: Transmissionmentioning

confidence: 90%

“…During this period, calves are also fed with bulk-tank milk and balanced feed and then they are moved to pastures occupied exclusively by cattle of similar age and weight. Several authors have described the presence of provirus and infectious virus both in milk and colostrum from most BLV-infected cows and in bulk tank milk ( 58 – 60 ). Thus, both milk and colostrum are sources of infection to neonatal calves.…”

Section: Transmissionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Since high levels of BLV infection are associated with higher probability of transmission ( 69 ), the presence of animals with high PVL is epidemiologically dangerous. This could be a reason for the high incidence observed in Argentinean dairy herds before first parturition, when approximately half of pregnant heifers are already infected, and between 20 and 44% of them have high PVL ( 60 , 70 ). Culling the animals with high PVL might be a strategy for reducing overall incidence in the herds, but this would be economically feasible only in herds with low prevalence of high PVL cows.…”

Section: Importance Of Blv Infection During the Neonatal Periodmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Bovine Leukemia Virus Infection in Neonatal Calves. Risk Factors and Control Measures

et al. 2018

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Bovine leukemia virus (BLV) is the causative agent of enzootic bovine leukosis (EBL). Although efficient eradication programs have been successfully implemented in most European countries and Oceania, BLV infection rates are still high worldwide. BLV naturally infects cattle, inducing a persistent infection with diverse clinical outcomes. The virus infects lymphocytes and integrates a DNA intermediate as a provirus into the genome of the cells. Therefore, exposure to biological fluids contaminated with infected lymphocytes potentially spreads the virus. Vertical transmission may occur in utero or during delivery, and about 10% of calves born to BLV-infected dams are already infected at birth. Most frequently, transmission from dams to their offspring occurs through the ingestion of infected colostrum or milk. Therefore, although EBL is not a disease specific to the neonatal period, during this period the calves are at special risk of becoming infected, especially in dairy farms, where they ingest colostrum and/or raw milk either naturally or artificially. Calves infected during the first week of life could play an active role in early propagation of BLV to susceptible animals. This review discusses the main factors that contribute to neonatal BLV infection in dairy herds, as well as different approaches and management practices that could be implemented to reduce the risk of BLV transmission during this period, aiming to decrease BLV infection in dairy herds.

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Section: Transmissionmentioning

confidence: 90%

Section: Transmissionmentioning

confidence: 90%

Section: Transmissionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Importance Of Blv Infection During the Neonatal Periodmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Bovine Leukemia Virus Infection in Neonatal Calves. Risk Factors and Control Measures

et al. 2018

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“…One third of infected cattle develop lymphocytosis, and 3-5% develop leukemia after 4–10 years. Presentations by Rodriguez et al and Martinez et al described the use of the BLV model for development of vaccines [63,64]. In particular, Rodriguez et al described an attenuated vaccine that efficiently and persistently protects against BLV in real herd settings [64].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Conference Highlights of the 16th International Conference on Human Retrovirology: HTLV and Related Retroviruses, 26–30 June 2013, Montreal, Canada

et al. 2014

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The 16th International Conference on Human Retrovirology: HTLV and Related Retroviruses was held in Montreal, Québec from June 26th to June 30th, 2013 and was therefore hosted by a Canadian city for the first time. The major topic of the meeting was human T-lymphotropic viruses (HTLVs) and was covered through distinct oral and poster presentation sessions: clinical research, animal models, immunology, molecular and cellular biology, human endogenous and emerging exogenous retroviruses and virology. In this review, highlights of the meeting are provided by different experts for each of these research areas.

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Bovine leukemia virus becomes established in dairy herds before the first lactation

Merlini¹,

Gutiérrez²,

Álvarez³

et al. 2016

Arch Virol

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In this work, we studied seven groups of pregnant heifers from a consortium of dairy farms heavily infected with bovine leukemia virus (BLV). ELISA testing showed that the seroprevalence ranges of BLV in heifers between 36.1 and 66.5 %. No significant differences in proviral load were found when comparing heifers with adult cattle. Before their first delivery, more than 9.8 % of heifers show a high proviral load. Because BLV infection can occur during the first two years of life, the rationale of any strategy should be to take action as early as possible after birth.

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Epidemiological features of BLV natural infection

Cited by 7 publications

References 0 publications

Bovine Leukemia Virus Infection in Neonatal Calves. Risk Factors and Control Measures

Bovine Leukemia Virus Infection in Neonatal Calves. Risk Factors and Control Measures

Conference Highlights of the 16th International Conference on Human Retrovirology: HTLV and Related Retroviruses, 26–30 June 2013, Montreal, Canada

Bovine leukemia virus becomes established in dairy herds before the first lactation

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