Epidemiological profile of leprosy reactions in a referral center in Campinas (SP), Brazil, 2010-2015

Ambrosano, Letícia; Santos, Marcel Alex Soares dos; Machado, Elaine Cristina Faria Abrahão; Pegas, Elisangela Samartin

doi:10.1590/abd1806-4841.20187260

Cited by 12 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…It is noteworthy that we observed a relatively low frequency of reactions (17%) in our survey, which is lower than the frequency reported in most studies (>30%) [ 68 ]. In cases of multibacillary leprosy, which accounted for more than 80% of our cases, the literature reports a frequency of reactions up to 50% or more [ 69 ].…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 89%

Bacterial, fungal and parasitic co-infections in leprosy: A scoping review

et al. 2023

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Background In leprosy patients, the most commonly reported non-viral co-infections are Tuberculosis, Leishmaniasis, Chromoblastomycosis and Helminths. The presence of a secondary infection is believed to increase the likelihood of leprosy reactions. The purpose of this review was to describe the clinical and epidemiological characteristics of the most reported bacterial, fungal, and parasitic co-infections in leprosy. Methodology/Principal findings Following the PRISMA Extension for Scoping Reviews guidelines, a systematic literature search was conducted by two independent reviewers, resulting in the inclusion of 89 studies. For tuberculosis, a total of 211 cases were identified, with a median age of 36 years and male predominance (82%). Leprosy was the initial infection in 89% of cases, 82% of individuals had multibacillary disease, and 17% developed leprosy reactions. For leishmaniasis, 464 cases were identified, with a median age of 44 years and male predominance (83%). Leprosy was the initial infection in 44% of cases, 76% of individuals presented with multibacillary disease, and 18% developed leprosy reactions. Regarding chromoblastomycosis, we identified 19 cases with a median age of 54 years and male predominance (88%). Leprosy was the primary infection in 66% of cases, 70% of individuals had multibacillary disease, and 35% developed leprosy reactions. Additionally, we found 151 cases of co-infection with leprosy and helminths, with a median age of 43 years and male predominance (68%). Leprosy was the primary infection in 66% of cases, and 76% of individuals presented with multibacillary disease, while the occurrence of leprosy reactions varied from 37% to 81% across studies. Conclusion We observed a male-dominated pattern of co-infections among working-age individuals with multibacillary leprosy. Unlike prior studies reporting increased leprosy reactions in chronic viral co-infections, our findings did not indicate any increase among bacterial, fungal, or parasitic co-infections. Rather, co-infections with tuberculosis and leishmaniasis appeared to reduce leprosy reactions.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 89%

Bacterial, fungal and parasitic co-infections in leprosy: A scoping review

et al. 2023

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“…Erythema nodosum leprosum presents with skin lesions (red, painful, and tender subcutaneous lesions), fever, and systemic inflammation that may affect the nerves, eyes, joints, testes, and lymph nodes [2,3]. On histopathology study of ENL, the presence of neutrophilic and lymphocytic infiltration around granulomata with intensive leukocytoclastic small or medium vasculitis is seen [8,9].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Multiple underlying immunological processes and genetic factors are involved in the pathogenesis of these reactions. These reactions are usually seen in some patients who are undergoing treatment but they may also occur before any anti-leprosy treatment has been given [2,3]. Herein, we reported an interesting patient with lepromatous leprosy who presented with skin lesions of erythema nodosum leprosum (ENL) without receiving any anti-leprosy treatment.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lepromatous leprosy presenting with type II reaction before and type I reaction after treatment

Robati¹,

Mozafari

Bidari‐Zerehpoosh³

et al. 2020

Dermatology Online Journal

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“…Entretanto, pode ser um facilitador para o abandono do tratamento. Tais achados estão em consonância com estudo realizado no município de Campinas, estado de São Paulo, que buscou o perfil epidemiológico das reações hansênicas em um centro de referência, identificando taxas de 61% entre os usuários avaliados (AMBROSANO et al, 2018Apud GUERRA, p. 393, 2002.…”

Section: Discussionunclassified