Epidemiological situation of SARS-CoV-2 infection in Douala, the most populated and highly heterogeneous town of Cameroon: a post-vaccination update

Soubgui, Arlette Flore Moguem; Enyegue, Elisee Libert Embolo; Foko, Loick Pradel Kojom; Mboussi, Wilfried Steve Ndeme; Hogoue, Gildas Deutou; Mbougang, Suzy Pascale; Sanda, Sandra  Michelle; Chidjou, Isaac Ulrich Fotso; Fotso, Valery Fabrice; Tchonet, Steve Armand Nzogang; Sike, Christiane Medi; Mogtomo, Martin Luther Koanga

doi:10.1016/j.actatropica.2023.106864

Cited by 7 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…Such modulating impact have been previously reported for immune Page 25 of 38 response immune in India [51], and haematological biomarkers of COVID-19 in Cameroon and India [52,53]. This is not surprising as these characteristics are well known to be predictors of SARS-CoV-2 infection, severity, or deaths [54][55][56].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 52%

Serological surveillance reveals a high exposure to SARS-CoV-2 and altered immune response among COVID-19 unvaccinated Cameroonian individuals

Moguem Soubgui,

Ndeme Mboussi,

Kojom Foko

et al. 2023

Preprint

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Background Surveillance of COVID-19/SARS-CoV-2 dynamics is crucial to understanding natural history and providing insights into the population’s exposure risk and specific susceptibilities. This study investigated the seroprevalence of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies, its predictors, and immunological status among unvaccinated patients in Cameroon. Materials and Methods A multicentre cross-sectional study was conducted between January and September 2022 in the town of Douala. Patients were consecutively recruited, and data of interest were collected using a questionnaire. Blood samples were collected to determine Immunoglobin titres (IgM and IgG) by ALFA, CD4+ cells by flow cytometry, and interferon gamma (IFN- γ) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) by ELISA. Results A total of 342 patients aged 41.5 ± 13.9 years were included. Most participants (75.8%) were asymptomatic. The overall prevalence of IgM and IgG was 49.1% and 88.9%, respectively. Ageusia and anosmia have displayed the highest positive predictive values (90.9% and 82.4%) and specificity (98.9% and 98.3%). The predictors of IgM seropositivity were being aged 60 – 70 years (aOR = 0.54, p = 0.02) and ageusia (aOR = 9.31, p = 0.01), whereas those of IgG seropositivity included health facility (aOR = 0.23, p = 0.02) and ageusia (aOR = 0.21, p = 0.04). CD4+, IFN-γ, and IL-6 were impaired in seropositive individuals, with a confounding role of socio-demographic factors or comorbidities. Conclusion Although the WHO declared the end of COVID-19 as a public health emergency, the findings of this study indicate the need for continuous surveillance to adequately control the disease in Cameroon.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 52%

Serological surveillance reveals a high exposure to SARS-CoV-2 and altered immune response among COVID-19 unvaccinated Cameroonian individuals

Moguem Soubgui,

Ndeme Mboussi,

Kojom Foko

et al. 2023

Preprint

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“…Such modulating impact have been previously reported for immune response immune in PLOS GLOBAL PUBLIC HEALTH India [56], and haematological biomarkers of COVID-19 in Cameroon and India [57,58]. This is not surprising as these characteristics are well known to be predictors of SARS-CoV-2 infection, severity, or deaths [59][60][61].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 53%

Serological surveillance reveals a high exposure to SARS-CoV-2 and altered immune response among COVID-19 unvaccinated Cameroonian individuals

Moguem Soubgui,

Ndeme Mboussi,

Kojom Foko

et al. 2024

PLOS Glob Public Health

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Surveillance of COVID-19/SARS-CoV-2 dynamics is crucial to understanding natural history and providing insights into the population’s exposure risk and specific susceptibilities. This study investigated the seroprevalence of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies, its predictors, and immunological status among unvaccinated patients in Cameroon. A multicentre cross-sectional study was conducted between January and September 2022 in the town of Douala. Patients were consecutively recruited, and data of interest were collected using a questionnaire. Blood samples were collected to determine Immunoglobin titres (IgM and IgG), interferon gamma (IFN- γ) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) by ELISA, and CD4+ cells by flow cytometry. A total of 342 patients aged 41.5 ± 13.9 years were included. Most participants (75.8%) were asymptomatic. The overall crude prevalence of IgM and IgG was 49.1% and 88.9%, respectively. After adjustment, the seroprevalence values were 51% for IgM and 93% for IgM. Ageusia and anosmia have displayed the highest positive predictive values (90.9% and 82.4%) and specificity (98.9% and 98.3%). The predictors of IgM seropositivity were being diabetic (aOR = 0.23, p = 0.01), frequently seeking healthcare (aOR = 1.97, p = 0.03), and diagnosed with ageusia (aOR = 20.63, p = 0.005), whereas those of IgG seropositivity included health facility (aOR = 0.15, p = 0.01), age of 40–50 years (aOR = 8.78, p = 0.01), married (aOR = 0.21, p = 0.02), fever (aOR = 0.08, p = 0.01), and ageusia (aOR = 0.08, p = 0.01). CD4+, IFN-γ, and IL-6 were impaired in seropositive individuals, with a confounding role of socio-demographic factors or comorbidities. Although the WHO declared the end of COVID-19 as a public health emergency, the findings of this study indicate the need for continuous surveillance to adequately control the disease in Cameroon.

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“…The details of study sites, eligibility criteria, and procedures have been published elsewhere [ [20] , [21] , [22] ]. Briefly, 420 patients were recruited at seven health facilities in the town of Douala from January to September 2022.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…After signing an informed consent form, individual interviews lasting approximately 25 min each were performed using a structured questionnaire to collect demographical, biological, anthropometric, behavioral, and clinical characteristics. Nasopharyngeal samples were collected for molecular detection of SARS–CoV–2 based on retrotranscriptase quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) analysis of the RdRp, E, et N genes using a DaAnGene® kit (DaAn Gene Co., Ltd, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China) as published earlier [ 20 , 21 ]. Briefly, the RT-qPCR was performed on an on a QuantStudio™ 7 real time thermocycler (Applied Biosystems, Massachusetts, USA).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exploring demographical, clinical, and dietary determinants of vitamin D deficiency among adults in Douala, Cameroon during the COVID-19 era

Moguem Soubgui,

Ndeme Mboussi,

Kojom Foko

et al. 2024

Heliyon

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Epidemiological situation of SARS-CoV-2 infection in Douala, the most populated and highly heterogeneous town of Cameroon: a post-vaccination update

Cited by 7 publications

References 47 publications

Serological surveillance reveals a high exposure to SARS-CoV-2 and altered immune response among COVID-19 unvaccinated Cameroonian individuals

Serological surveillance reveals a high exposure to SARS-CoV-2 and altered immune response among COVID-19 unvaccinated Cameroonian individuals

Serological surveillance reveals a high exposure to SARS-CoV-2 and altered immune response among COVID-19 unvaccinated Cameroonian individuals

Exploring demographical, clinical, and dietary determinants of vitamin D deficiency among adults in Douala, Cameroon during the COVID-19 era

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