Epidemiological status of bovine tuberculosis in the Federal District of Brazil

Abstract

Considering the implementation of the National Program for the Control and Eradication of Animal Brucellosis and Tuberculosis (PNCEBT) in 2001, and the need to determine the epidemiological status of animal tuberculosis for future evaluation of the effectiveness of the measures laid down, the objective of this study was to estimate the prevalence and identify risk factors of bovine tuberculosis in the Federal District (DF) of Brazil, as well as to provide an input for the strategic management of PNCEBT. Field testing and data collection was carried out from February to December 2003. The DF was considered a single epidemiological region owing to the small number of existing farms, and the absence of significant differences between the region's farming enterprises, which would justify the stratification of the regional sample. A total of 278 farms were randomly sampled from the local registry database of bovine farms with reproductive activity, in which 2,019 adult cows were tuberculin tested. Only one sampled animal had a positive result, using the comparative cervical tuberculin test, resulting in a bovine tuberculosis prevalence of 0.05% [95% CI: 0.0-0.4%]. The herd-level prevalence of bovine tuberculosis in the DF was estimated as 0.36% [95% CI: 0-2.0%]. The analysis of risk factors was impaired by the results obtained, as the number of cases did not allow for this kind of analysis. Cattle farming in the DF is predominantly aimed at dairy production; however, it is characterized by the presence of small low milk yield herds, which may not favor the introduction and persistency of infection of Mycobacterium bovis. Health authorities from the DF perform surveillance for bovine tuberculosis and maintain the need for tests for the movement of bovines for breeding and those animals destined for any form of animal gathering, especially auctions. Therefore, it is likely that the DF has good conditions for successfully implementing the PNCEBT. ResumoConsiderando a implantação do Programa Nacional de Controle e Erradicação da Brucelose e Tuberculose Animal (PNCEBT) no ano de 2001 e a necessidade de se conhecer a situação epidemiológica local da tuberculose animal para uma posterior avaliação da eficácia das medidas estabelecidas, este trabalho teve como objetivo estimar a prevalência e identificar os fatores de risco para a tuberculose bovina no Distrito Federal, assim como, fornecer subsídios para a gestão estratégica do PNCETB. A colheita de dados foi realizada no período de fevereiro a dezembro de 2003. O DF foi considerado como uma única região epidemiológica devido ao número pequeno de propriedades existentes e pela ausência de diferenças importantes entre as regiões pecuárias que justificassem a estratificação regional da amostra. Foram amostradas aleatoriamente 278 propriedades do banco cadastral local de rebanhos bovinos com atividade reprodutiva, nas quais foram testadas 2019 fêmeas adultas. Somente um animal amostrado foi positivo ao Teste Cervical Comparativo, resultando numa prevalência de animais...

Epidemiological status of bovine tuberculosis in the State of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil

“…The prevalence of herds infected with bovine tuberculosis in Rio Grande do Sul was estimated to be 2.8% [1.8 -4.0] (Table 2), statistically equal to the states of Bahia, Pernambuco, Paraná, Mato Grosso do Sul, Mato Grosso, Rondônia, Goiás, and the Federal District, lower than those of the states of Espírito Santo, Minas Gerais, and São Paulo, and only higher than that of the state of Santa Catarina (BAHIENSE et al, 2016;BARBIERI et al, 2016;DIAS et al, 2016;GALVIS et al, 2016;GUEDES et al, 2016;LIMA et al, 2016;NÉSPOLI et al, 2016;RIBEIRO et al, 2016;ROCHA et al, 2016;SILVA et al, 2016;VELOSO et al, 2016;VENDRAME et al, 2016). Although in Rio Grande do Sul differences were observed only between the regions with higher and lower prevalence of infected herds (Table 2), the values indicate a higher concentration of infected herds in regions 4, 5, and 6, located in the north of the state, in which dairy and mixed farms dominate (Tables 2 and 3).…”

“…Studies on bovine tuberculosis conducted in 12 Federal Units, which hold 69% of the Brazilian herd, showed a prevalence of infected herds between 0.36% and 9.0%, in the Federal District and São Paulo, respectively (BAHIENSE et al, 2016;BARBIERI et al, 2016;DIAS et al, 2016;GALVIS et al, 2016;GUEDES et al, 2016;LIMA et al, 2016;NÉSPOLI et al, 2016;RIBEIRO et al, 2016;ROCHA et al, 2016;SILVA et al, 2016;VELOSO et al, 2016;VENDRAME et al, 2016).…”

Decay of Mycobacterium bovis in whole milk submitted to pasteurization parameters

“…In Brazil, recent studies carried out in 13 states, which hold 75% of the Brazilian cattle population, showed prevalence of infected herds with tuberculosis among 0.36% of the Federal District and 9.0% of São Paulo (BAHIENSE et al, 2016;BARBIERI et al, 2016;DIAS et al, 2016;GALVIS et al, 2016;GUEDES et al, 2016;LIMA et al, 2016;NÉSPOLI et al, 2016;QUEIROZ et al, 2016;RIBEIRO et al, 2016;ROCHA et al, 2016;VELOSO et al, 2016;VENDRAME et al, 2016).…”

Cryopreservation of Mycobacterium bovis isolates

“…Recent studies carried out in 13 states of Brazil, that hold 75% of the Brazilian cattle population, showed prevalence of tuberculosis infected herds between 0.36%, in the Federal District, and 9.0%, in São Paulo (BAHIENSE et al, 2016;BARBIERI et al, 2016;DIAS et al, 2016;GALVIS et al, 2016;GUEDES et al, 2016;LIMA et al, 2016;NÉSPOLI et al, 2016;QUEIROZ et al, 2016;RIBEIRO et al, 2016;ROCHA et al, 2016;SILVA et al, 2016;VELOSO et al, 2016;VENDRAME et al, 2016).…”