Epidemiological Studies on Canine Mammary Tumour and its Relevance for Breast Cancer Studies

Gupta, Kuldip; Sood, Naresh Kumar; Uppal, S. K.; Mohindroo, J.; Mahajan, Shashikant; Raghunath, M.; Singh, K

doi:10.9790/3013-0220322333

Cited by 25 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…Few data are available on the value of cytologic examination as a diagnostic or prognostic tool for mammary tumors in dogs. FNAC is considered a fast, accurate and cost-effective method for the diagnosis of human mammary tumours [8-11]. However, the evaluation of its accuracy is poorly reported in veterinary medicine.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…To make a diagnosis, a number of clinical and paraclinical tests are used because it is essential to find the most aggressive malignant tumors that need radical surgery and supplementary treatment as soon as possible. After excision, a hematoxylin-eosin stain is often used to provide a histopathological diagnosis, but even though this is performed by experienced pathologists, the disorderly structure of some mammary tumors may cause confusion and may lead to an erroneous diagnosis of malignancy [8-11]. …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…When applied to mammary gland lesions, the method shows good diagnostic accuracy. Moreover, it is a simple, rapid and low cost method, with minimal risk for the patient [11-13]. Paget (1854) [14] was the first to use samples of aspirated mammary tumours for microscopic examination.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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RETRACTED ARTICLE: Diagnosis, classification and grading of canine mammary tumours as a model to study human breast cancer: an Clinico-Cytohistopathological study with environmental factors influencing public health and medicine

et al. 2013

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BackgroundThe human “Elston and Ellis grading method” was utilized in dogs with mammary tumor to examine its relation to prognosis in this species, based on a 2-year follow-up period. Although cytopathology is widely used for early diagnosis of human neoplasms, it is not commonly performed in veterinary medicine. Our objectives in this study were to identify cytopathology criteria of malignancy for canine mammary tumors and the frequency of different types of mammary lesions and their relationship with histologic grade was investigated. Another aim of this study was to differentiate the simple and adenocarcinoma tumors from the complex or mixed tumor described by Elston and Ellis grading method.MethodsThe study was performed in 15 pure or mixed-breed female dogs submitted to surgical resections of mammary tumours. The mammary tumours were excised by simple mastectomy or regional mastectomy, with or without the superficial inguinal lymph nodes. Female dogs were mainly terriers (9 dogs) or mixed (3 dogs), the 3 other animals were a German shepherd, Dachshund and Pekingese. Before surgical excision of the tumour, FNAC was performed using a 0.6 mm diameter needle attached to a 10 ml syringe held in a standard metal syringe holder. The cytological sample was smeared onto a glass slide and either air-dried for May-Grünwald-stain, or ethanol-fixed for Papanicolaou stain and masses were surgically removed, the tumours were grossly examined and tissue samples were fixed in 10%-buffered-formalin and embedded in paraffin. Sections 4 μm thick were obtained from each sample and H&E stained.ResultsWe obtained a correct cytohistological correlation in 14/15 cases (93.3%) when all cytopathological examinations were considered. Of the 15 cases examined, 2(13.3%) had well-differentiated (grade I), 6(40%) had moderately differentiated (grade II) and 7(46.7%) had poorly differentiated (grade III) tumours. Classification of all canine mammary gland lesions revealed 13(86.7%) malignant and 2(13.3%) benign tumors. The histological examination showed that the most common tumor types of mammary glands in bitches were: complex carcinoma, adenocarcinoma, malignant mixed tumour, benign mixed tumour, simple carcinoma– (5/15; 33.3%), (3/15; 20%), (3/15; 20%) and (2/15;13.3%), respectively. Simple carcinoma and cystic hyperplasia were less common - (1/15; 6.7%), and (1/15; 6.7%), respectively. Moreover, the most often tumors occur in inguinal mammary (60%) and abdominal (27%) glands.ConclusionsOur results demonstrate that, because of the similarity of the cytohistopathological findings in the human and canine mammary gland tumours, it is possible to use the same cytopathological criteria applied in human pathology for the diagnosis of canine mammary gland tumours. Furthemoer, routine use of this human grading method would help the clinician to make a more accurate prognosis in the interests of post-surgical management in dogs with mammary carcinomas. Furthermore, this research will allow a more discriminating classification of mammary tumors a...

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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RETRACTED ARTICLE: Diagnosis, classification and grading of canine mammary tumours as a model to study human breast cancer: an Clinico-Cytohistopathological study with environmental factors influencing public health and medicine

et al. 2013

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“…Bei der intakten Hündin galten Mammatumoren (MT) bislang als häufigste Tumorerkrankung, wobei rund ein Drittel bis die Hälfte der MT maligner Natur sind (13,38). In neueren Artikeln variieren die Angaben zur Mammatumorinzidenz mit 0,2 bis 112 Fällen pro 10000 Dog Years at Risk erheblich, was Unterschiede im Studiendesign, in der Rasse-und Alterszusammensetzung sowie in der Reproduktionskontrollstrategie der untersuchten Populationen widerspiegelt (27,33,43,53). Eine Prädisposition wird für kleinere Rassen wie Dackel, Yorkshire Terrier, Malteser, Papillon oder Zwergspitz, aber auch für kleine bis mittelgroße Spanielrassen und den Boxer beschrieben (40,57,69).…”

Section: Mammatumorenunclassified

Kastration der Hündin – neue und alte Erkenntnisse zu Vor- und Nachteilen

Arlt¹,

Wehrend²,

Reichler³

2017

Tierarztl Prax Ausg K

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ZusammenfassungDie Beratung von Hundehaltern bezüglich der Vorteile und Nachteile sowie des optimalen Zeitpunktes der Kastration einer Hündin ist komplex und sollte sich auf verlässliche Daten aus der Wissenschaft stüt-zen sowie individuelle Belange berücksichtigen. Bei genauerer Betrachtung der aktuellen Publikationen zu diesem Thema fällt auf, dass einige lange für robust gehaltene Informationen etwas angepasst oder aktualisiert werden müssen. Ein offensichtlicher Vorteil der elektiven Kastration ist, dass Erkrankungen der Ovarien und sexualsteroidabhängige Erkrankungen wie Metropathien nicht auftreten. Weiterhin ist ein gewisser protektiver Effekt einer frühzeitigen Kastration auf die Entstehung von Mammatumoren anzunehmen, wenngleich dafür derzeit eine schwache wissenschaftliche Evidenz besteht und der Effekt vermutlich geringer ausfällt, als in einigen älteren Publikationen angegeben wurde. Die Kastration hat jedoch auch Nachteile. Als häufigste negative Folge wird seit Jahrzehnten die Harninkontinenz beschrieben. Aussagen zur Inzidenz sowie zu weiteren Einflussfaktoren, wie Kastrationszeitpunkt in Bezug zur Pubertät, sind jedoch uneinheitlich. Aktuell werden vor allem das gehäufte Auftreten verschiedener Tumorerkrankungen, die nicht direkt mit dem Reproduktionstrakt in Verbindung stehen, sowie ein höheres Risiko für Erkrankungen des Bewegungsapparats bei kastrierten Tieren diskutiert. Weitere Einflussfaktoren wie der Ernährungszustand des Hundes, Alter und/oder Haltung wurden jedoch häufig nicht erfasst. Die Datenlage zur Auswirkung der Kastration auf den Stoffwechsel und das Immunsystem der Hündin ist derzeit ungenügend. Wünscht der Tierbesitzer eine Kastration, bedarf es in jedem Fall einer eingehenden Beratung, die individuelle, rasse-und haltungsbezogene Aspekte einschließt. Derzeit ist eine Kastration am ehesten zwischen der ersten und zweiten Läufigkeit zu empfehlen, da ein gewisser protektiver Effekt auf die Entstehung von Mammatumoren anzunehmen ist und das Risiko unerwünschter Nebenwirkungen nach heutigem Wissensstand moderat ausfällt. KeywordsNeutering of female dogs, ovariohysterectomy, guidance in decision making, side effects SummaryAdvice for dog owners regarding the Pros and Cons and optimal time for neutering a female dog is complex and should be based on recent and valid research data as well as individual aspects. After taking a closer look at the literature, it becomes clear that some putative robust information has to be revised or updated. An obvious advantage of neutering a female dog is that ovarian diseases and sexual steroiddependent diseases, including metropathy, no longer occur. In addition, it is likely that an early neutering reduces the risk to a certain extent of mammary neoplasia, even if the scientific basis for this observation is weak. The effect might be less than some earlier publications suggest. Disadvantages of neutering female dogs include urinary incontinence, which was postulated decades earlier. However, reported incidences and findings regarding factors that in...

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“…The mammary glands in dogs are modified skin glands located bilaterally on the ventral surface of the animal from the cranial thorax to the perivulvar area which comprises of cranial thoracic, caudal thoracic, cranial abdominal, caudal abdominal, and inguinal glands from cranial to caudal region [ 1 , 2 ]. Surgery is the basic treatment for dogs with the most common type of mammary gland tumors (benign mixed tumor, adenoma, and adenocarcinoma), and adjuvant therapies (radiotherapy and chemotherapy) are used for inoperable tumors and also in inflammatory carcinoma [ 3 - 5 ]. The various surgical procedures have been described for the dogs ranging from local excision (simple mastectomy) to radical excision (radical mastectomy) and were found that there was no difference in recurrence rates and survival times following surgery [ 6 , 7 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Studies on reconstruction of large skin defects following mammary tumor excision in dogs

et al. 2017

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Aim:The main objective of the study was to describe the use of skin fold advancement flaps (SFAFs) and other reconstructive techniques for closure of large skin defects following mammary tumor excision in dogs.Materials and Methods:Twelve dogs underwent reconstruction of large ventral skin defects following mammary tumor excision with wide margins. Skin fold flaps (flank fold flap and elbow fold flap) were elevated from the flank and elbow region, respectively, and transposed and sutured onto the large ventral skin defect following mastectomy in all the dogs. In addition to the skin fold flaps, other reconstructive techniques such as undermining, walking sutures, and tension-relieving suture techniques were followed during surgery in the closure of large skin defects without skin tension and compromising limb mobility. The skin flap viability was assessed subjectively by gross observation of the flap such as color, temperature, capillary perfusion, and cosmetic appearance, and scoring (1-4) was done. Tissue samples were collected from a surgical site on days 3, 6, and 12 post-operatively for histopathological evaluation and healing status of the skin flap.Results:All the surgical wounds healed primarily, without any major complications and the skin flap remained healthy throughout the healing process post-operatively. Distal flap necrosis was noticed in one case and necrosis of skin flap between two suture lines was noticed in another case in which the necrotized distal portion healed by secondary intention after 7 days. The mean survival of subdermal plexus flap in the above cases was 98% which was a subjective evaluation based on surface area of the skin defect measured by Image’ J software and the flap dimensions. The average healing of skin flap in days was 14.91±0.86.Conclusion:The SFAFs along with other reconstructive techniques help in the reconstruction of large ventral skin defects following mastectomy in dogs without much compromising limb mobility.

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Epidemiological Studies on Canine Mammary Tumour and its Relevance for Breast Cancer Studies

Cited by 25 publications

References 40 publications

RETRACTED ARTICLE: Diagnosis, classification and grading of canine mammary tumours as a model to study human breast cancer: an Clinico-Cytohistopathological study with environmental factors influencing public health and medicine

RETRACTED ARTICLE: Diagnosis, classification and grading of canine mammary tumours as a model to study human breast cancer: an Clinico-Cytohistopathological study with environmental factors influencing public health and medicine

Kastration der Hündin – neue und alte Erkenntnisse zu Vor- und Nachteilen

Studies on reconstruction of large skin defects following mammary tumor excision in dogs

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