Epidemiological studies on Metagonimus infection along the Hongcheon river, Kangwon province

Abstract

The Hongcheon river system flows down through the Hongcheon area of Kangwon-do, and reaches to the Cheongpyeong Dam in Kyonggi-do. Stool specimens from the inhabitants residing along the Hongcheon river basin were examined to detect infection rate of Metagonimus sp., and the intermediate hosts were collected to detect larval stages. The results obtained were as follows: Thirty-nine (33 males and 6 females) out of 529 (314 males and 215 females) inhabitants were infected with Metagonimus sp., showing a total positive rate of 7.4 per cent. In eight areas surveyed, the specimens from Kulji-ri of Bukbang-myon at the middle part of the river showed the highest positive rate of 26.9 per cent (14 positives out of 52) (males; 38.2 per cent). The specimens from Mogog-ri of Seo-myon at the downstream of the river showed a positive rate of 10.4 per cent (13 positives out of 125) (males;12.6 per cent). The positive rates in other regions were less than 10 per cent. The density of the first intermediate host, Semisulcospira sp., was the highest in Kulji-ri of Bukbang-myon (10-20 snails per m(2)), and the infection rate of Metagonimus cercariae in the snails was 10.7 per cent(13 positives out of 121 snails). The infection rate of Metagonimus metacercariae in Zacco platypus, the fresh water fish favorably eaten raw by the inhabitants, was 68.2 per cent (30 positives out of 44 fishes), and most metacercariae were detected under the scales (89.9 per cent). Adult flukes were obtained from the small intestine of a rat, 15 days after infection with the metacercariae obtained from Z. platypus. These adult flukes were identified to be the same srecies as those obtained from human hosts. By this survey, new endemic areas of Metagonimus infection were discovered along the Hongcheon river basin and the main source of infection was the fresh water fish, Z. platypus.

Prevalence of Zoonotic Trematode Metacercariae in Freshwater Fish from Gangwon-do, Korea

“…In addition, metacercarial infections of Metagonimus spp. and Echinostoma hortense were investigated in some species of freshwater fish from several regions in Gangwon-do [ 19 , 20 , 21 , 22 , 23 ]. However, large-scale surveys on the infection status of FBT metacercariae in a variety of fish species have not been conducted in Gangwon-do.…”

Foodborne Intestinal Flukes in Southeast Asia

“…However, E. hortense should be retained until a definite conclusion could be drawn. Freshwater snails, including Lymnaea pervia and Radix auricularia coreana, shed the cercariae [2,115]. The loaches, Misgurnus anguillicaudatus and Misgurnus mizolepis, and other freshwater fish, including Odontobutis obscura interrupta, Moroco oxycephalus, Coreoperca kawamebari, and Squalidus coreanus harbor the metacercariae [2,[116][117][118].…”

Community-based surveillance of zoonotic parasites in a ‘One Health’ world: A systematic review

“…)Tanzania (English)Cross-sectionalDogs, goats, sheep, baboons, chimpanzees – PCR (stool)Gombe National Park and village residents – PCR (stool)Water – filtration, PCRYes (all)Yes (animal & human)High[31]Bangladesh (English)Cross-sectionalCattle – IFAT, PCR (stool)Village residents, calf handlers – IFAT, PCR (stool)Water - filtration, IMS, PCRYes (all)Yes (all)High[32]India (English)Cross-sectionalDogs, cats, cattle, buffalo, goats, sheep, chickens – IMS-DFA (stool)Diarrhea ward patients - IMS-DFA (stool)Water – IMS-DFAYes (all)Yes (all)Moderate[33]

Fishborne Trematodiasis (Heterophyidae, Echinostomatidae, Opisthorchis viverrini , Clonorchis sinensis , Metagonimus spp. )Laos (English)Cross-sectionalCats, fish – necropsyWork camp residents, villagers – stool examSnails – cercariae shedding, dissectionNoNoLow[34]Vietnam (English)Cross-sectionalDogs, cats, pigs – FECT (stool); fish – necropsyVillage residents – Kato-Katz assay (stool)Snails – cercariae shedding, dissectionNoYes (all)Moderate[35]Laos (English)Cross-sectionalCats - unsure; fish – necropsyVillage residents - MIFC or Kato-Katz (stool)Snails - dissectionNoNoLow[36]South Korea (Korean)Cross-sectionalFish – PE, bioassay (necropsy)School children with parents – formalin-ether MGL (stool)Snails – dissectionNoNoLow[37]

Schistosomiasis ( Schistosoma japonicum )China (English)2-year longitudinal studyDogs, cats, cattle, water buffalo, goats, pigs – Miracidia hatching test (stool)IHAT positive village residents - Miracidia hatching test, Kato-Katz (stool)Snails - dissectionNoYes (snail)Moderate[38]China (English)Cross-sectionalDogs, cats water buffalo, cattle, goats, pigs– Kato-Katz, PCR (stool)Village residents (3–65 yrs) – Kato-Katz, PCR (stool)…”