Epidemiological survey of PRRS and genetic variation analysis of the ORF5 gene in Shandong Province, 2020–2021

Li, Peixun; Shen, Yesheng; Wang, Tailong; Li, Jing; Li, Yan; Zhao, Yiran; Liu, Sidang; Li, Baoquan; Liu, Mengda; Meng, F.

doi:10.3389/fvets.2022.987667

Cited by 11 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…One crucial pillar of disease control is the genetic characterization of circulating virus strains in order to identify the origin of infection and determine the routes of transmission between pig farms, within a geographical region or an administrative area. Sequencing one of the most variable genomic regions, the ORF5, is still a gold-standard procedure for surveying these issues [ 21 , 22 , 23 , 24 , 25 , 26 , 27 , 28 , 29 , 30 , 31 , 32 , 33 , 34 , 35 , 36 , 37 , 38 , 39 , 40 ]. The information obtained by means of molecular epidemiology further assists the improvement of external disease control measures of a given pig herd and provides the basis for reliable production of animal goods.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spatiotemporal Distribution of PRRSV-1 Clades in Hungary with a Focus on the Era of Disease Eradication

Bálint,

Jakab,

Kaszab

et al. 2024

Animals

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Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome (PRRS) is the cause of the most severe economic losses in the pig industry worldwide. PRRSV is extremely diverse in Europe, which poses a significant challenge to disease control within a country or any region. With the combination of phylogenetic reconstruction and network analysis, we aimed to uncover the major routes of the dispersal of PRRSV clades within Hungary. In brief, by analyzing >2600 ORF5 sequences, we identified at least 12 clades (including 6 clades within lineage 1 and 3 clades within lineage 3) common in parts of Western Europe (including Denmark, Germany and the Netherlands) and identified 2 novel clades (designated X1 and X2). Of interest, some genetic clades unique to other central European countries, such as the Czech Republic and Poland, were not identified. The pattern of PRRSV clade distribution is consistent with the route of the pig trade among countries, showing that most of the identified clades were introduced from Western Europe when fatteners were transported to Hungary. As a result of rigorous implementation of the national eradication program, the swine population was declared officially free from PRRSV. This map of viral diversity and clade distribution will serve as valuable baseline information for the maintenance of PRRSV-free status in the post-eradication era.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spatiotemporal Distribution of PRRSV-1 Clades in Hungary with a Focus on the Era of Disease Eradication

Bálint,

Jakab,

Kaszab

et al. 2024

Animals

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“…A total of 45 strains had mutations in the neutralization epitope region, including strains from lineages 1, 3, and 8, as well as one strain had a mutation in lineage 5. Mutations in the neutralization epitope region of the virus can result in immune evasion, thus reducing the protective efficacy of the vaccine ( Li et al, 2022 ). Glycosylation of the GP5 is the primary mechanism of virus immune escape and persistent infection, leading to a decrease in the body’s immunity and antibody production ability ( Ansari et al, 2006 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The analysis revealed that the major parental strain belonged to lineage 1, while the minor parental strain belonged to lineage 8, indicating that recombination between lineage 8 and lineage 1 strains was prevalent. In addition, Li et al (2022) also conducted a recombination analysis based on the ORF5 gene, and RDP identified four recombination events, with both the major and minor parental strains belonging to lineage 1. Recombination is a significant driving force in the evolution of PRRSV, allowing the virus to adapt to environmental stresses.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…PRRSV mainly causes spontaneous abortion, stillbirth, and fetal mummification in pregnant sows. Additionally, respiratory insufficiency, interstitial pneumonia, and immunosuppression are also common symptoms in piglets ( Li et al, 2022 ). PRRS was first discovered in the United States in 1987 and rapidly spread worldwide after its detection in Europe in 1990, causing significant economic losses to the global pig industry ( Liang et al, 2022 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Genetic variation and recombination analysis of the GP5 (GP5a) gene of PRRSV-2 strains in China from 1996 to 2022

Luo,

Zheng,

et al. 2023

Front. Microbiol.

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Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) has been prevalent in China for more than 25 years and remains one of the most significant pathogens threatening the pig industry. The high rate of mutation and frequent recombination of PRRSV have exacerbated its prevalence, particularly with the emergence of highly pathogenic PRRSV (HP-PRRSV) has significantly increased the pathogenicity of PRRSV, posing a serious threat to the development of Chinese pig farming. To monitor the genetic variation of PRRSV-2 in China, the GP5 sequences of 517 PRRSV-2 strains from 1996 to 2022 were analyzed and phylogenetic trees were constructed. Furthermore, a total of 60 PRRSV strains, originating from various lineages, were carefully chosen for nucleotide and amino acid homologies analysis. The results showed that the nucleotide homologies of the PRRSV GP5 gene ranged from 81.4 to 100.0%, and the amino acid homologies ranged from 78.1 to 100.0%. Similarly, the PRRSV GP5a gene showed 78.0 ~ 100.0% nucleotide homologies and 70.2 ~ 100.0% amino acid homologies. Amino acid sequence comparisons of GP5 and GP5a showed that some mutations, such as substitutions, deletions, and insertions, were found in several amino acid sites in GP5, these mutations were primarily found in the signal peptide region, two highly variable regions (HVRs), and near two T-cell antigenic sites, while the mutation sites of GP5a were mainly concentrated in the transmembrane and intramembrane regions. Phylogenetic analysis showed that the prevalent PRRSV-2 strains in China were divided into lineages 1, 3, 5, and 8. Among these, strains from lineage 8 and lineage 1 are currently the main prevalent strains, lineage 5 and lineage 8 have a closer genetic distance. Recombination analysis revealed that one recombination event occurred in 517 PRRSV-2 strains, this event involved recombination between lineage 8 and lineage 1. In conclusion, this analysis enhances our understanding of the prevalence and genetic variation of PRRSV-2 in China. These findings provide significant insights for the development of effective prevention and control strategies for PRRS and serve as a foundation for future research in this field.

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“…China are the live attenuated JE vaccine (SA-14-14-2) and inactivated JE vaccine (P3) [27,28]. Shandong, Zhejiang and Guangdong Provinces included the JE vaccine in their childhood immunization programs beginning in 2004, 1986, and 1986, respectively [29][30][31]. Children aged 8 and 24 months can receive two free doses of the live attenuated vaccine in these areas.…”

Section: Je Is a Vaccine-preventable Disease The Vaccines Currently I...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Seroepidemiologocal investigation on the infected genotype in Japanese encephalitis patients in coastal areas of China

Zhang,

Zhao,

Yin

et al. 2023

Preprint

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Background Japanese encephalitis (JE) is a vaccine-preventable mosquito-borne disease caused by infection with the Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV). G1, G3 and G5 JEV have been isolated in China, but the dominant genotype circulating in Chinese coastal areas remains unknown. Besides, the emergence of G5 JEV infection case in South Korea suggests a risk of G5 JEV transmission in epidemic areas. We search for G5 JEV infected case and try to understand which genotype of JEV was more relative to human Japanese encephalitis in coastal provinces of China. Methods In this study, we collected serum specimens of JE cases in three coastal provinces of China (Guangdong, Zhejiang and Shandong Province) from 2018 to 2020 and conducted JEV cross-neutralization test against genotype 1, 3 and 5 JEV. In the same serum specimen, if one neutralization antibody titer had a 4-fold difference with the other two, the case was considered infected by that genotype of JEV. Results The acute serum specimens of clinical reported JE cases were obtained for laboratory confirming from hospitals in Shandong (92 cases), Zhejiang (192 cases) and Guangdong (77 cases) of China from 2018 to 2020. 70 of total 361 serum specimens were laboratory confirmed JEV infection. 2 cases were confirmed infected by genotype 1 JEV, 32 cases were by genotype 3 JEV and 2 was by genotype 5 JEV. Conclusions The investigation found that there were genotype 1, 3 and 5 JEV infections in JE cases in coastal area of China from 2018 to 2020. Genotype 3 was the main infection genotype among JE cases who have the definite infection genotype, and the infection case caused by genotype 5 JEV was confirmed serologically in China.

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Epidemiological survey of PRRS and genetic variation analysis of the ORF5 gene in Shandong Province, 2020–2021

Cited by 11 publications

References 43 publications

Spatiotemporal Distribution of PRRSV-1 Clades in Hungary with a Focus on the Era of Disease Eradication

Spatiotemporal Distribution of PRRSV-1 Clades in Hungary with a Focus on the Era of Disease Eradication

Genetic variation and recombination analysis of the GP5 (GP5a) gene of PRRSV-2 strains in China from 1996 to 2022

Seroepidemiologocal investigation on the infected genotype in Japanese encephalitis patients in coastal areas of China

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