Epidemiological survey on the route of Coxiella burnetii infection in an animal hospital

Komiya, Tomoyoshi; Sadamasu, Kenji; Toriniwa, Hiroko; Kato, Kimitoshi; Arashima, Yasutomo; Fukushi, Hideto; Hirai, Katsuya; Arakawa, Yasuyuki

doi:10.1007/s10156-003-0237-7

Cited by 41 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…We previously (5) tested the pets of 6 QFS patients for Q fever by PCR, and detected C. burnetii DNA in the pets of 3 patients (50%). Komiya et al serially examined veterinarians and animal health technicians in a veterinary hospital and the animals kept there for Q fever by IF, PCR and sequencing of C. burnetii DNA, and reported in 2003 that 2 animal health technicians and 2 dogs were positive for C. burnetii infection, and that the infection had spread to 3 cats (27). These observations strongly suggested the source of infection, in the C. burnetii-positive CFS patients in their study, to be pets.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Treatment of Chronic Fatigue Syndrome with Antibiotics: Pilot Study Assessing the Involvement of Coxiella burnetii Infection

et al. 2005

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Objective To examine whether Coxiella burnetii (C. burnetii) is involved in chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS), we administered tetracycline antibiotics to subjects with CFS, and followed changes in clinical symptoms, PCR findings, and C. burnetii antibody titers.Patients and Methods The subjects were 8 patients with CFS and 213 with nonspecific complaints such as chronic fatigue and low-grade fever for several months or longer but not meeting the diagnostic criteria for CFS. All were examined for C. burnetii infection by nested PCR and the indirect immunofluorescence test (IF).Results Four CFS patients (the CFS group) and 54 controls [the post-Q fever fatigue syndrome (QFS) group] positive for C. burnetii were treated mainly with minocycline or doxycycline (100 mg/day) for 3 months. After treatment, all 58 patients tested negative for C. burnetii infection. In the CFS group, no significant difference was noted between the mean pre-and post-treatment temperatures or headache scores. Similarly, there was no significant improvement in performance status (PS) scores. In the QFS group, however, mean temperatures and headache scores were significantly decreased after treatment (p<0.001). PS scores were also improved.Conclusion These results suggest the possibility of direct involvement of C. burnetii in the pathological state of CFS to be low, despite the C. burnetii infection rate being high in CFS patients. This is a pilot study and further larger investigations are necessary to confirm our preliminary results.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Treatment of Chronic Fatigue Syndrome with Antibiotics: Pilot Study Assessing the Involvement of Coxiella burnetii Infection

et al. 2005

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“…Currently, epidemiological antigenic and genomic markers are still missing or are currently being developed. However, recent studies have used different techniques to study the epidemiology of Q fever [80,100].…”

Section: Emerging/re-emerging Aspectmentioning

confidence: 99%

Is Q Fever an emerging or re-emerging zoonosis?

2005

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-Q fever is a zoonotic disease considered as emerging or re-emerging in many countries. It is caused by Coxiella burnetii, a bacterium developing spore-like forms that are highly resistant to the environment. The most common animal reservoirs are livestock and the main source of infection is by inhalation of contaminated aerosols. Although the culture process for Coxiella is laborious, advances on the knowledge of the life cycle of the bacterium have been made. New tools have been developed to (i) improve the diagnosis of Q fever in humans and animals, and especially animal shedders, (ii) perform epidemiological studies, and (iii) prevent the disease through the use of vaccines. This review summarizes the state of the knowledge on the bacteriology and clinical manifestations of Q fever as well as its diagnosis, epidemiology, treatment and prevention in order to understand what factors are responsible for its emergence or re-emergence. Coxiella burnetii / epidemiology / bacteriology / diagnostic / control

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“…This disease, described for the first time among abattoir workers in Australia [14], is now recognised as being worldwide endemic [25,27] except in New-Zealand [19]. Ruminants (sheep, goats and cattle) and pets, namely dogs and cats are the main sources of human infection [3,5,16,21].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Shedding routes ofCoxiella burnetiiin dairy cows: implications for detection and control

et al. 2006

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-Reliable detection of Coxiella burnetii shedders is a critical point for the control of the spread of this bacterium among animals and from animals to humans. Coxiella burnetii is shed by ruminants mainly by birth products (placenta, birth fluids), but may also be shed by vaginal mucus, milk, and faeces, urine and semen. However, the informative value of these types of samples to identify shedders under field conditions is unknown. Our aim was then to describe the responses obtained using a real-time PCR technique applied to milk, vaginal mucus and faeces samples taken from 242 dairy cows in commercial dairy herds known to be naturally infected with Coxiella burnetii, and to assess their putative associations. Positive results were found in all types of tested samples even in faeces. No predominant shedding route was identified. Among the shedder cows, 65.4% were detected as shedders by only one route. By contrast, cows with positive results for all three samples were scarce (less than 7%). Testing a cow based on only one type of biological sample may lead to misclassify it with regards to its shedding of Coxiella burnetii and thereby underestimate the risk of bacterial spread within a herd. dairy cows / Coxiella burnetii / shedding routes / real-time PCR / Q fever

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Epidemiological survey on the route of Coxiella burnetii infection in an animal hospital

Cited by 41 publications

References 21 publications

Treatment of Chronic Fatigue Syndrome with Antibiotics: Pilot Study Assessing the Involvement of Coxiella burnetii Infection

Treatment of Chronic Fatigue Syndrome with Antibiotics: Pilot Study Assessing the Involvement of Coxiella burnetii Infection

Is Q Fever an emerging or re-emerging zoonosis?

Shedding routes ofCoxiella burnetiiin dairy cows: implications for detection and control

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