Epidémiologie de la résistance aux antibiotiques de Streptococcus pneumoniae en France. Réseau national de surveillance (1984–1993)

Geslin, P.; Frémaux, A.; Sissia, G.; Spicq, C.; Aberrane, Saïd

doi:10.1016/s0399-077x(05)80772-3

Cited by 44 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…In Europe, erythromycin resistance rates are generally higher. For example, 27.5% of all pneumococci studied in France in 1992 (63% of penicillin-resistant strains) were erythromycin resistant (11).…”

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Antipneumococcal Activity of ABT-773 Compared to Those of 10 Other Agents

Davies

Ednie

Hoellman

et al. 2000

Antimicrob Agents Chemother

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MICs, time-kills, and postantibiotic effects (PAEs) of ABT-773 (a new ketolide) and 10 other agents were determined against 226 pneumococci. Against 78 ermB-and 44 mefE-containing strains, ABT-773 MICs at which 50% of the isolates tested were inhibited (MIC 50 s) and MIC 90 s were 0.016 to 0.03 and 0.125 g/ml, respectively. Clindamycin was active only against macrolide-resistant strains containing mefE (MIC 50 , 0.06 g/ml; MIC 90 , 0.125 g/ml). Activities of pristinamycin (MIC 90 , 0.5 g/ml) and vancomycin (MIC 90 , 0.25 g/ml) were unaffected by macrolide or penicillin resistance, while ␤-lactam MICs rose with those of penicillin G. Against 19 strains with L4 ribosomal protein mutations and two strains with mutations in domain V of 23S rRNA, ABT-773 MICs were 0.03 to 0.25 g/ml, while macrolide and azalide MICs were all >16.0 g/ml. ABT-773 was bactericidal at twice the MIC after 24 h for 8 of 12 strains (including three strains with erythromycin MICs greater than or equal to 64.0 g/ml). Kill kinetics of erythromycin, azithromycin, clarithromycin, and roxithromycin against macrolide-susceptible strains were slower than those of ABT-773. ABT-773 had longer PAEs than macrolides, azithromycin, clindamycin, or ␤-lactams, including against ermB-containing strains. ABT-773, therefore, shows promising in vitro activity against macrolide-susceptible as well as -resistant pneumococci.

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confidence: 99%

Antipneumococcal Activity of ABT-773 Compared to Those of 10 Other Agents

Davies

Ednie

Hoellman

et al. 2000

Antimicrob Agents Chemother

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“…In France, the first penicillin-resistant isolate was found in 1978, and resistant pneumococci were rare until 1987 (7). The proportion of isolates resistant to penicillin increased yearly thereafter to 6.6% in 1989 and 25% in 1993 (8). A nationwide multicenter study of children with acute otitis media in 1993 revealed that 37.5% of pneumococci isolated from the nasopharyngeal flora of children were resistant (1).…”

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Clonal distribution of penicillin-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae 23F in France

et al. 1996

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We studied the clonality of clinical isolates of Streptococcus pneumoniae 23F, the serotype most often associated with penicillin resistance in France. Clinical isolates obtained between November 1992 and April 1993 from nasopharyngeal samples from children with acute otitis media from different regions of the country were analyzed. The genetic polymorphism of penicillin-susceptible and -resistant 23F isolates (MIC, 2 mg/liter) was studied by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis. The resistant isolates were closely related, whereas the susceptible isolates were genetically heterogeneous. PCR amplification and restriction of the genes encoding penicillin-binding proteins (PBPs) 1A, 2B, and 2X also showed that the 24 resistant isolates had similar patterns which were very different from those of the susceptible isolates. All resistant isolates gave the same PBP pattern, with low affinities of PBPs for penicillin. Our results indicate that, in contrast to penicillinsusceptible 23F isolates, the penicillin-resistant 23F isolates have a single clonal origin, suggesting the rapid clonal spread of a resistant epidemic strain throughout the country.

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“…New fluoroquinolones such as sparfloxacin, the most active quinolone against Streptococcus pneumoniae (MIC 90 =0.5 μg/ml) (2), are considered as alternatives for the treatment of respiratory infections. However, 0.5% of S. pneumoniae in France are resistant to sparfloxacin (MIC>4 μg/ml) and other fluoroquinolones (3, 4. The selection of S. pneumoniae resistant to quinolones has also been demonstrated in vitro (5).…”

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confidence: 99%