BackgroundSubcutaneous specific immunotherapy (SCIT) is an effective treatment attenuating
the progression of allergic asthma. To date, there is a lack of studies
investigating the economic consequences of SCIT on health care expenditures.MethodsA health-economic piggy-back analysis of SCIT was conducted based on a RCT that
enrolled 65 children and adolescents with allergic asthma. Patients were allocated
into two groups: A group receiving SCIT with a high-dose hypoallergenic house dust
mite preparation plus asthma medication and a control group receiving only asthma
medication. For both groups asthma control was achieved before the start of the
SCIT treatment and was maintained during the study. Both, costs and
cost-effectiveness of SCIT with the high-dose hypoallergenic house dust mite
preparation were investigated based on total medication costs, incremental
medication costs and treatment effects (measured as lung function), respectively.
A bootstrap analysis was performed to validate the results.ResultsA steady decline in medication costs could be observed in the SCIT group one year
after treatment start compared to the control group. This cost trend became
statistically significant 3 years after SCIT started. The calculated potential
savings in the SCIT group correlated with an improved lung function. The
distribution of the bootstrap results revealed that the probability of SCIT having
a superior effectiveness compared to the control group is around 90%.ConclusionSCIT with a high-dose hypoallergenic preparation received by children and
adolescents suffering from mite induced allergic asthma reduces the allergic
medication intake and has cost-saving effects. Additional costs associated with
SCIT may be completely compensated by drug cost savings 4 years after end of SCIT.
Additionally, SCIT is superior compared to routine care as measured by the lung
function that improved in SCIT-treated patients. Trial registration: (EudraCT no.
2004 – 003892 – 35).