Epidemiology and clinical characteristics of traumatic head injuries in central part of India, 2018-2019

Abstract

Traumatic brain injuries represent 12% global burden of disease and main cause of death among 1-40 year old. Though some studies have described about traumatic brain injuries in India, very limited information is available from central part of India Aims and objectives: To evaluate the incidence, Mode, severity, 128 Slice Computed tomography scan findings, and clinical outcome of head injuries at central part of India (Haroti area of Rajasthan and Malwa area of Madhya Pradesh). Materials and Methods: For the study 800 patient's of Traumatic head injuries that admitted between April 2018-march 2019 in Jhalawar medical College Jhalawar Rajasthan India were included. Their medical records were reviewed and data on epidemiology, clinical characteristics, and outcomes analysed. Results: Among 800 patient's of head injuries, median age was 28 year (range 1-90 years) Road traffic accident (60%) was most common mode of injuries followed by accidental fall from height (25%). Cerebral contusion (16%) was most common finding on 128 slice Computed tomography scan followed by acute subdural hematoma (11%) and skull bones fracture (10%). Good recovery (independent for day to day activities) was seen in 70%, mild disability was seen in 27%, severe disability in 3% and persistent vegetative state seen in 1% patient's. Conclusion: Road traffic accident are the most common cause of traumatic head injuries in central part of India and mainly occurs in young productive age groups. At least 10% mortality or severe disability occurred in Traumatic head injury patients. Knowledge about epidemiology, etiology, clinical outcome are extremely helpful for further policy making, research and health management at national level in developing countries. Higher incidence of Post traumatic seizures occurred in severe head injuries (12.5%) followed by Moderate (2%) and least (1%) in mild head injuries patient's.

An exploratory qualitative study of the prevention of road traffic collisions and neurotrauma in India: perspectives from key informants in an Indian industrial city (Visakhapatnam)

“…Participants felt that RTCs are an important problem in their city, state and country, and a major cause of neurotrauma. This is in keeping with recent literature which indicate that India is a country with very high rates of RTCs, contributing to more than 60% of neurotrauma admissions [6,[33][34][35].…”

“…Participants also identified RTCs as being more common among adolescents and young adults. Studies have shown that up to two-thirds of injuries and deaths from RTCs in India are reported in those between the ages of 15 and 40 years [10,34,68,69]. This group includes the most economically active population, most of whom are males [39,69,70].…”

Head injury patterns and outcome at tertiary care center in central India: A prospective observational study

“…The distribution of patients according to use of helmets showed that majority of patients don't use helmets (73.98%). In a study conducted by Asrar Ali et al [17] at Tertiary care centre in Pakistan also observed that, Majority of patients with head injury don't use helmets.…”

Correlation between timing of surgery and post-operative outcome in traumatic acute subdural hematoma

“…In India alone, an estimated 1.5-2 million individuals sustain injuries annually, resulting in 1 million deaths. 2 In the United States, approximately 1.6 million people suffer head injuries each year. 3 While the majority of head injuries are mild to moderate, they predominantly affect individuals aged 20-40 years, with mean age groups reported at 45.7 and 48.9 years.…”