Epidemiology and Clinical Profiles of Acute Myocardial Infarction in Diverse Age Groups at Saudi Emergency Departments: A Cross-sectional Analysis

Abstract

Introduction: Acute myocardial infarction (AMI) is a significant cardiovascular event with varying epidemiological patterns and in-hospital outcomes worldwide. Understanding these patterns is essential for optimising patient care and healthcare resource allocation. This study aims to provide a comprehensive analysis of the epidemiological variation and in-hospital outcomes of AMI in a tertiary centre in Saudi Arabia. By examining a diverse cohort of AMI patients, we seek to address the unique characteristics and challenges associated with AMI in this region and contribute to the existing knowledge of AMI epidemiology. Methods: This observational study employed a retrospective cohort design, drawing data from a tertiary centre in Saudi Arabia. The study included a diverse group of AMI patients, and eligibility criteria were carefully defined to ensure the inclusion of relevant cases. Detailed data were collected, encompassing patient demographics, medical histories, clinical presentations and outcomes during hospitalisation. Robust statistical analyses were conducted to explore the relationship between demographic factors, medical histories and in-hospital outcomes amongst AMI patients. The study design and data collection methods aimed to provide an informative and balanced summary of what was done and what was found. Results: The analysis revealed a wide range of epidemiological variations in the presentation and outcomes of AMI amongst patients in Saudi Arabia. Notably, demographic factors such as age, gender and comorbidities were found to significantly impact the severity and prognosis of AMI cases. In addition, the study identified specific medical histories that played a crucial role in influencing the in-hospital outcomes of AMI patients. These results underscore the importance of early diagnosis, risk factor management and tailored interventions in improving the prognosis and outcomes for AMI patients in Saudi Arabia. Conclusion: This comprehensive analysis sheds light on the complex epidemiological patterns and in-hospital outcomes of AMI in a tertiary centre in Saudi Arabia. The findings emphasise the need for a nuanced approach to AMI management, considering the unique characteristics of the local population. This research contributes significantly to the existing body of knowledge and serves as a call to action for healthcare professionals, policymakers and researchers to collaborate in enhancing the prevention, diagnosis and treatment of AMI in Saudi Arabia. It also highlights the importance of targeted interventions based on demographic and medical history factors to improve the outcomes of AMI patients in this region.