Epidemiology and Clinical Significance of Nontuberculous Mycobacteria in Patients Negative for Human Immunodeficiency Virus in Switzerland

Debrunner, Marc; Brändli, O; Graevenitz, A. von

doi:10.1093/clinids/15.2.330

Cited by 88 publications

(59 citation statements)

References 104 publications

(88 reference statements)

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“…Global geographic variability in M. kansasii has been noted; a high prevalence of M. kansasii lung disease occurs in Western Europe, Switzerland, and the United Kingdom ( 17 , 21 – 23 ). In Brazil, available data suggest regional differences in species distribution, although distinct study populations and methods limit comparability of estimates.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clinical and Therapeutic Features of Pulmonary Nontuberculous Mycobacterial Disease, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

Mello¹,

Mello²,

Borga³

et al. 2013

Emerg. Infect. Dis.

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To identify clinical and therapeutic features of pulmonary nontuberculous mycobacterial (PNTM) disease, we conducted a retrospective analysis of patients referred to the Brazilian reference center, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, who received a diagnosis of PNTM during 1993–2011 with at least 1 respiratory culture positive for NTM. Associated conditions included bronchiectasis (21.8%), chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (20.7%), cardiovascular disease (15.5%), AIDS (9.8%), diabetes (9.8%), and hepatitis C (4.6%).Two patients had Hansen disease; 1 had Marfan syndrome. Four mycobacterial species comprised 85.6% of NTM infections: Mycobacterium kansasii, 59 cases (33.9%); M. avium complex, 53 (30.4%); M. abscessus, 23 (13.2%); and M. fortuitum, 14 (8.0%). A total of 42 (24.1%) cases were associated with rapidly growing mycobacteria. In countries with a high prevalence of tuberculosis, PNTM is likely misdiagnosed as tuberculosis, thus showing the need for improved capacity to diagnose mycobacterial disease as well as greater awareness of PNTM disease prevalence.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clinical and Therapeutic Features of Pulmonary Nontuberculous Mycobacterial Disease, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

Mello¹,

Mello²,

Borga³

et al. 2013

Emerg. Infect. Dis.

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“…The most commonly encountered NTM from clinical specimens in industrialized countries are M. avium complex (MAC) and M. kansasii (20)(21)(22)(23)(24). Despite limited studies conducted in Africa, the distribution of NTM is not known.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In North America and Europe, rates of colonization and disease in the general population range from ≈1-15/100,000 persons to 0.1-2 /100,000 persons, respectively (20)(21)(22)(23)(25)(26)(27)(28). These rates are largely unknown for most countries in Africa.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nontuberculous Mycobacteria, Zambia

Buijtels¹,

Sande²,

Graaff³

et al. 2009

Emerg. Infect. Dis.

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Clinical relevance of nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) isolated from 180 chronically ill patients and 385 healthy controls in Zambia was evaluated to examine the contribution of these isolates to tuberculosis (TB)-like disease. The proportion of NTM-positive sputum samples was signifi cantly higher in the patient group than in controls; 11% and 6%, respectively (p<0.05). NTM-associated lung disease was diagnosed for 1 patient, and a probable diagnosis was made for 3 patients. NTM-positive patients and controls were more likely to report vomiting and diarrhea and were more frequently underweight than the NTM-negative patients and controls. Chest radiographs of NTM-positive patients showed deviations consistent with TB more frequently than those of controls. The most frequently isolated NTM was Mycobacterium avium complex. Multiple, not previously identifi ed mycobacteria (55 of 171 NTM) were isolated from both groups. NTM probably play an important role in the etiology of TB-like diseases in Zambia.

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“…The organism is present in the environment, may be found in the faeces of healthy people [3], and can be isolated from granulomas in animals [4,5] and in human patients without any predisposing conditions [6,7]. It is considered to be an opportunistic pathogen in humans, and has been reported to cause disseminated infection in up to 50 % of patients with AIDS in the USA [8,9], and in 17% of such patients in Australia [10,11].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic characterization ofMycobacterium aviumisolates recovered from humans and animals in Australia

Feizabadi

Robertson

Cousins³

et al. 1996

Epidemiol. Infect.

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SUMMARYGenetic relationships amongst 115 mainly Australian isolates of Mycobacterium avium were assessed using multilocus enzyme electrophoresis (MEE). The isolates were divided into 58 electrophoretic types (ETs), with a mean genetic diversity of 0-29. Isolates from humans were closely related to but distinct from those cultured from birds, whilst some porcine isolates belonged to the same ETs as certain human isolates. Pulsed field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) was used to differentiate related isolates, and those from birds and some from other animals, including pigs, were distinguished from the human isolates. The results of MEE and PFGE suggested that certain strains of M. avium may be transmitted between birds and pigs, but there was no clear evidence of transmission to humans. The serovar of the M. avium isolates was not obviously related to their ET assignment or their PFGE type.

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Epidemiology and Clinical Significance of Nontuberculous Mycobacteria in Patients Negative for Human Immunodeficiency Virus in Switzerland

Cited by 88 publications

References 104 publications

Clinical and Therapeutic Features of Pulmonary Nontuberculous Mycobacterial Disease, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

Clinical and Therapeutic Features of Pulmonary Nontuberculous Mycobacterial Disease, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

Nontuberculous Mycobacteria, Zambia

Genetic characterization ofMycobacterium aviumisolates recovered from humans and animals in Australia

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