Epidemiology and Control of Leather Rot of Strawberries

Distribución de Phytophthora cactorum en el perfil de un suelo cultivado con frutilla (Fragaria x ananassa)

“…La altura de los camellones más el canopeo de la frutillas constituyen, sin embargo, una barrera eficiente para la distribución lateral de ese inóculo (11,19). Las oosporas también pueden ser desplazadas del mismo modo, una vez que se liberaron del interior de los tejidos en los que se formaron (14).…”

“…; Filippini, S. Distribución de Phytophthora cactorum en el perfil de un suelo cultivado con frutilla (Fragaria x ananassa). Summa Phytopathologica, v.38, n.1, p. [17][18][19][20][21][22][23]2012.…”

Optimizing Fungicide Applications for Plant Disease Management: Case Studies on Strawberry and Grape

“…Extensive studies conducted on the epidemiology of the disease in the past decade have shown that wetness duration and temperature (17 to 25 C) are important factors for disease development. Splashing of zoospores and sporangia is caused by rainfall and wetness periods can be as short as 2 h are sufficient for the oomycete to cause infection (Grove et al 1985a;Grove et al 1985b;Madden et al 1991). Typically there is a latent period of 5 days for full development of symptoms.…”

“…Applying straw mulch between row spaces prevents fruits from touching the soil and standing water, and reduces the splashing of water droplets containing sporangia and zoospores (Madden et al 1991). Protective fungicide program using captan and thiram are widely used; however, both fungicides are not able to control the disease when weather conditions favor leather rot development.…”

“…A 3-year study was conducted in a field to examine efficacy of several modes of action (mefenoxam, phenilamides; azoxystrobin and pyraclostrobin, QoI, and potassium phosphite, phosphonate) against leather rot. In previous studies on a forecasting system for leather rot; occurrence of rain was considered a better indicator of risk of disease development than temperature condition or length of wetness duration (Reynolds et al 1988;Madden et al 1991). This is probably because this pathogen requires very short wetness periods (2 h) to infect (Grove et al 1985a), and it can also infect under a wide range of temperatures.…”