Epidemiology and geographical distribution of gastrointestinal parasitic infection in humans in Slovakia

Abstract

SummaryExaminations of the set of 2,760 samples of human stools revealed the current epidemiological situation in the occurrence of gastrointestinal parasitoses in Slovakia. Prevalence of gastrointestinal parasitic infection was P = 6.81 % out of which the protozoan infections was P = 2.64 % and helminthiases P = 4.17 %, in the representation of endoparasitic species Entamoeba coli, Giardia intestinalis, Blastocystis hominis, Endolimax nana, Ascaris lumbricoides, Trichuris trichiura and Enterobius vermicularis. The species with the highest proportion from the protozoa was Entamoeba coli (P = 0.79 %) and from the helminths Ascaris lumbricoides (P = 3.73 %). The highest prevalence of protozoan infections (P = 3.27 %) was found in the age group 8 -18 yearly and helminthic infections (P = 5.84 %) in the lowest age group of children at the age of 1 month to 7 years. Almost regularly, there was most frequently infection with Endolimax nana, Giardia intestinalis and Ascaris lumbricoides. By comparison of all age categories, a high statistical signifi cance of differences in the prevalence of helminthiases was found, which most frequently infected children aged from 1 month to 7 years (χ2, p≤ 0.0001). The statistical signifi cance of differences in the incidence of protozoan infections (χ2, p≤ 0.01) and helminthiases (χ2, p≤ 0.0001) was recorded between the compared regions of Slovakia (Western, Central and Eastern Slovakia) with the highest prevalence in the eastern region of Slovakia.

Prevalence of intestinal parasitic infections among the Bulgarian population over a three year period (2015 – 2017)

“…730 persons per year). As for the age of the asca- riasis patients, our findings are in agreement with previous studies of our and other authors (Harizanov et al, 2013;Dudlova et al, 2016) -86.8 % (n = 1190) of the infected are children, and the age groups 1 -4 and 5 -9 years were most often affected. In most cases the infection is asymptomatic and the diagnosis is made after spontaneous passage of the parasite during defecation or following prophylactic tests.…”

“…It most often affects children. The prevalence among the pediatric populations in different regions of the world varies from 4 to 28 % (Dori et al, 2011). The average prevalence among the subjects within the study period was 1.10 %, while the average prevalence in the general pediatric population in the country was found to be 1.59 %; however, it should be taken into consideration that the study group involved pre-school children attending child care institutions where annual parasitological testing is obligatory.…”

“…Trichuriasis is one of the most common helminth diseases worldwide (around 800 million infected individuals), with the highest incidence in warm and humid areas (Dori et al, 2011). The highest prevalence rate is recorded in Central Africa, South India and South East Asia (Alum et al, 2010).…”

Giardia lamblia affecting humans in Sohag governorate and its relation with some physical measurements

“…[9] and De Lucioet al [10], who stated that the incidence of giardiasis is higher in males than in females. These results disagreed with Duldovaet al [11], who stated that the prevalence in females was higher than males. They assumed that due to caring of these females to their own children or from working in nursing homes or care-day centers.…”

Intestinal parasites among food handlers of food service establishments in Ethiopia: a systematic review and meta-analysis

“…Apart from socio-economic factors, other factors like availability of clean water, the survival of the environmental stages of the parasites, personal and public hygiene practices play a central role in the transmission of intestinal parasites [9,10]. Ethiopia has one of the bottommost clean water supply and latrine coverage [11].…”