Epidemiology and heredity of accessory occlusal ridges on the buccal cusps of human premolar teeth

Gilmore, R.W.

doi:10.1016/0003-9969(68)90058-7

Cited by 25 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…Wasser (1953) found that trait concordance for both mesial and distal ridges on the first premolar occurred more frequently in monozygotic twins than expected by chance. Similar results were obtained by Gilmore (1968) on both first and second premolars, though only mesial ridges and both mesial and distal ridges counted together were found to be significantly more concordant among monozygotic twins. The lack of statistically significant results for distal ridges is likely due to the small sample of twins studied (Gilmore, 1968).…”

supporting

confidence: 88%

“…Similar results were obtained by Gilmore (1968) on both first and second premolars, though only mesial ridges and both mesial and distal ridges counted together were found to be significantly more concordant among monozygotic twins. The lack of statistically significant results for distal ridges is likely due to the small sample of twins studied (Gilmore, 1968). Both researchers concluded that a strong genetic component is responsible for MxPAR occurrence.…”

supporting

confidence: 88%

“…However, the sexual dimorphism in Morris' sample was no longer present when his data are examined for asymmetrical observations and observations where only one antimere was available. Indeed, subsequent research on eight samples has found no consistent sexual dimorphism in MxPAR frequency (Gilmore, 1968;Scott, 1973), including a pilot study conducted as part of this research (Burnett et al, 1996).…”

mentioning

confidence: 94%

“…The first analyses addressing the genetic basis of MxPAR were undertaken by Wasser (1953) and Gilmore (1968). Both studies included the examination of MxPAR ridge presence in twin samples to test for a higher concordance rate between monozygotic twins relative to dizygotic twins, as would be expected in traits with a genetic component.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As MxPAR may occur at multiple loci on both first and second premolars, any analysis of trait independence should first address independence between loci. Gilmore (1968) was the first to assess MxPAR independence through an analysis of the dental casts of 120 American Whites (60 male, 60 female). MxPAR was not found to be independent between mesial and distal loci on the same premolar, nor between corresponding loci on adjacent premolars (Gilmore, 1968).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Brief communication: Population variation in human maxillary premolar accessory ridges (MxPAR)

Burnett¹,

Hawkey²,

Turner³

2009

American J Phys Anthropol

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The purpose of this brief communication is to report the results of an analysis of maxillary premolar accessory ridges (MxPAR), a common but understudied accessory ridge that may occur both mesial and distal to the central ridge of the buccal cusp of upper premolars. We developed a new five-grade scoring plaque to better categorize MxPAR variation. Subsequently, we conducted a population analysis of MxPAR frequency in 749 dental casts of South African Indian, American Chinese, Alaskan Eskimo, Tohono O'odham (Papago), Akimel O'odham (Pima), Solomon Islander, South African Bantu, and both American and South African Whites. Northeast Asian and Asian-derived populations exhibited the highest MxPAR frequencies while Indo-European samples (South African Indians, American and South African Whites) exhibited relatively low frequencies. The Solomon Islanders and South African Bantu samples exhibited intermediate frequencies. Our analysis indicates that statistically significant differences in MxPAR frequency exist between major geographic populations. As a result, the MxPAR plaque has now been added to the Arizona State University Dental Anthropology System, an important contribution as maxillary premolar traits are underrepresented in analyses of dental morphology.

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supporting

confidence: 88%

supporting

confidence: 88%

mentioning

confidence: 94%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Brief communication: Population variation in human maxillary premolar accessory ridges (MxPAR)

Burnett¹,

Hawkey²,

Turner³

2009

American J Phys Anthropol

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Prevalence and patterning of maxillary premolar accessory ridges (MxPARs) in several human populations

Mihailidis

Scriven

Khamis

et al. 2013

American J Phys Anthropol

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We present new data on the prevalence and patterning of the maxillary premolar accessory ridge (MxPAR), a common but understudied morphological dental trait that is expressed as a linear elevation extending from the buccal cusp ridge to the medial sulcus of maxillary premolar teeth. A total of 579 sets of dental casts, representing six ethnic groups, were scored using the five-grade system proposed by Burnett et al. (2010). The frequency and distribution of the MxPAR were determined by tooth type, sex, side, locus and ethnicity, and the applicability of the scoring system was assessed. The MxPAR was found in approximately two-thirds of premolar teeth, more often on second than first premolars, and more often on the distal aspect of the occlusal surface than the mesial. There was some evidence that more pronounced forms of the feature occurred more often in males than females, and that there may be some directionality in its expression between sides. Variation was also noted in the frequency of occurrence and degree of expression of the MxPAR between ethnic groups. Intra- and inter-observer concordance rates for scoring the MxPAR were low, confirming that it was difficult to score the trait identically on two different occasions. Our findings have clarified the distribution of the MxPAR within the dentition and between ethnic groups, and highlighted the need for researchers to carry out thorough replicability studies and to decide on an appropriate breakpoint for determining presence or absence of this feature before embarking on genetic studies or bio-distance analyses.

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Crown and Root Trait Descriptions

Scott

Irish

2017

Human Tooth Crown and Root Morphology

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Epidemiology and heredity of accessory occlusal ridges on the buccal cusps of human premolar teeth

Cited by 25 publications

References 8 publications

Brief communication: Population variation in human maxillary premolar accessory ridges (MxPAR)

Brief communication: Population variation in human maxillary premolar accessory ridges (MxPAR)

Prevalence and patterning of maxillary premolar accessory ridges (MxPARs) in several human populations

Crown and Root Trait Descriptions

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