Epidemiology and patterns of hypertension in semi-urban communities, south-western Nigeria

Olamoyegun, Michael Adeyemi; Oluyombo, Rotimi; Asaolu, S. O.

doi:10.5830/cvja-2016-037

Cited by 10 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…From individual study estimates, the mean population BMI ranged from being normal (23.4 kg/m 2 ) recorded in a rural setting in Ekiti State, South-west Nigeria [ 51 ], to an overweight population (27.7 kg/m 2 ) recorded in the urban metropolis of Lagos State, also in the South-west [ 35 ]. The mean population waist circumference has a narrow margin, ranging from 85.7 centimetres (cm) recorded in Abia State, South-east Nigeria [ 43 ] to 88.3 cm measured in Egbeda Oyo State, South-west Nigeria [ 29 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Estimating the prevalence of overweight and obesity in Nigeria in 2020: a systematic review and meta-analysis

et al. 2021

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Background Targeted public health response to obesity in Nigeria is relatively low due to limited epidemiologic understanding. We aimed to estimate nationwide and sub-national prevalence of overweight and obesity in the adult Nigerian population. Methods MEDLINE, EMBASE, Global Health, and Africa Journals Online were systematically searched for relevant epidemiologic studies in Nigeria published on or after 01 January 1990. We assessed quality of studies and conducted a random-effects meta-analysis on extracted crude prevalence rates. Using a meta-regression model, we estimated the number of overweight and obese persons in Nigeria in the year 2020. Results From 35 studies ( n = 52,816), the pooled crude prevalence rates of overweight and obesity in Nigeria were 25.0% (95% confidence interval, CI: 20.4–29.6) and 14.3% (95% CI: 12.0–15.5), respectively. The prevalence in women was higher compared to men at 25.5% (95% CI: 17.1–34.0) versus 25.2% (95% CI: 18.0–32.4) for overweight, and 19.8% (95% CI: 3.9–25.6) versus 12.9% (95% CI: 9.1–16.7) for obesity, respectively. The pooled mean body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference were 25.6 kg/m 2 and 86.5 cm, respectively. We estimated that there were 21 million and 12 million overweight and obese persons in the Nigerian population aged 15 years or more in 2020, accounting for an age-adjusted prevalence of 20.3% and 11.6%, respectively. The prevalence rates of overweight and obesity were consistently higher among urban dwellers (27.2% and 14.4%) compared to rural dwellers (16.4% and 12.1%). Conclusions Our findings suggest a high prevalence of overweight and obesity in Nigeria. This is marked in urban Nigeria and among women, which may in part be due to widespread sedentary lifestyles and a surge in processed food outlets, largely reflective of a trend across many African settings. KEY MESSAGES About 12 million persons in Nigeria were estimated to be obese in 2020, with prevalence considerably higher among women. Nutritional and epidemiological transitions driven by demographic changes, rising income, urbanization, unhealthy lifestyles, and consumption of highly processed diets appear to be driving an obesity epidemic in the country.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Estimating the prevalence of overweight and obesity in Nigeria in 2020: a systematic review and meta-analysis

et al. 2021

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“…Most of the inhabitants are individuals who have low socio-economic status being mainly agricultural workers, artisans and traders, and are resident in areas that often lack basic infrastructures such as pipe borne water and good roads. However, compared to life in typical rural communities, the inhabitants have adapted to Western-oriented lifestyles [30], although with a less intense exposure to the electronic and print media and sedentary lifestyles compared with urban areas [27, 28].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Socio-demographic factors associated with overweight and obesity among primary school children in semi-urban areas of mid-western Nigeria

et al. 2019

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Background Many developing countries are in a state of nutritional transition from prevalent under-nutrition to the emergent problem of over-nutrition (overweight and obesity), which is associated with increased morbidity and mortality, and whose complications can persist into adulthood with long-term consequences. However, data are limited on the risk factors for overweight and obesity (O&O) among primary school children, particularly those in rural and semi-urban areas in these countries. Aim and objectives To determine the socio-demographic factors associated with overweight and obesity among primary school children in semi-urban areas. Subjects and methods 1187 school pupils aged 6–11 years recruited from semi-urban areas using multistage sampling were interviewed for risk factors of overweight and obesity using a structured questionnaire. Nutritional status was assessed using body mass index and this was classified using a standard method. The proportions were compared using Pearson’s chi-squared. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was also carried out with overweight and obesity as the dependent variable and socio demographic factors as independent variables. The level of statistical significance was set at p <0.05 in all the statistical analyses. Results Fifty-eight pupils (4.9%) had overweight and obesity while 1129 (95.1%) were either of normal nutritional status (1088, 91.6%) or were thin/severely thin (41, 3.5%). Among those with overweight and obesity, 41 (3.5%) were overweight and 17 (1.4%) obese. A higher prevalence of overweight and obesity was significantly associated (in unadjusted analysis) with female gender [unadjusted Odds Ratio, OR (95% CI) = 2.42 (1.37, 4.28)], attendance at private schools [OR (95% CI) = 3.34 (1.86, 6.00)], higher socio-economic status families [OR (95% CI) = 2.32 (1.65, 5.80)] and presence of a television in the pupil’s bedrooms [OR (95% CI) = 2.22 (1.02, 4.82)] on bivariate analyses. However, only gender, school type and family socioeconomic status were independently associated with overweight and obesity on multivariate logistic regression analysis. Conclusion We conclude that overweight and obesity among primary school pupils in semi-urban areas is associated with female gender, attendance at private schools and higher socioeconomic status families. Preventive programmes should accordingly be more directed at children from affluent families; particularly those who are females and those attending private schools.

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“…The prevalence of hypertension and its complications are increasing in Africa [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20]24 . Across the continent the burden of hypertension is compounded by poor health infrastructure, dearth of manpower and competition for resources with other communicable and non-communicable diseases 25,26 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence of Hypertension in a rural community in southeast Nigeria; an opportunity for early intervention.

Ezeala-Adikaibe

Mbadiwe

Okafor

et al. 2022

Preprint

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BackgroundHypertension is a leading cause of non-communicable morbidity in Sub Saharan Africa. Recent studies suggest and increase in the prevalence of hypertension in rural Sub Saharan Africa.MethodsUsing a three-phase approach, the WHO STEPS-wise approach to surveillance of noncommunicable diseases was used to determine the prevalence of hypertension in a rural settlement is Enugu State, Southeast Nigeria. Blood pressure measurement was done according to the guidelines of the European Society of Hypertension. ResultsOut of 1576 participants aged 18 years and above, 976 (74.9%) completed the full survey and their blood pressure was measured, and data analysed. The prevalence of hypertension was 27.3%, (95%CI 24.5-30.2); similar in males (28.8, 95%CI 24.1-33.9) and females 166(26.4%, 95%CI 23.0-30.0). p= 0.415. The prevalence of hypertension increased with age reaching a peak of 33.6% (95%CI 25.7-42.1) among people aged 50-59 years. P= 0.06. The age-related increase in the prevalence of hypertension was statistically significant in males (p=0.04) but not in females. (p=0.15). Systolic and diastolic blood pressure levels correlated with older age and higher fasting blood glucose levels while diastolic blood pressure negatively correlated with level of education. Awareness of hypertension was low (7.9%).ConclusionThe prevalence of hypertension in a rural southeastern Nigeria community is 27.3%, however awareness was very low (7.9%). Most participants had mild hypertension thus offering a window of opportunity for public health educators in preventing the complication of hypertension. There is therefore the need for awareness campaigns to be intensified in rural communities.

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Epidemiology and patterns of hypertension in semi-urban communities, south-western Nigeria

Cited by 10 publications

References 31 publications

Estimating the prevalence of overweight and obesity in Nigeria in 2020: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Estimating the prevalence of overweight and obesity in Nigeria in 2020: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Socio-demographic factors associated with overweight and obesity among primary school children in semi-urban areas of mid-western Nigeria

Prevalence of Hypertension in a rural community in southeast Nigeria; an opportunity for early intervention.

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