Epidemiology and prevention of Staphylococcus aureus nasal carriage in hemodialyzed patients

Souly, K.; Kadi, Maria; Lahmadi, Khalid; Biougnach, H.; Boughaidi, A.; Zouhdi, Mimoun; Benasila, S.; Elyoussefi, Z.; Bouattar, T.; Zbiti, Najoua; Skalli, Z.; Rhou, H.; Ouzeddoun, N.; Bayahia, R.; Benamar, L.

doi:10.1016/j.medmal.2011.05.005

Cited by 13 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…The high rate of resistance to penicillin (82%) found in this study is relatively comparable to the rate reported in Poland (76.9%), Rabat (88.8%),, and Nigeria (86%), but itstill lower than the 92.5% reported in Spain or 100% in Sudan …”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 70%

“…The rate of S. aureus nasal carriage in this study was 42.9%. This rate still lower than those reported in some developed European countries like Germany (53.3%) but very higher than those reported in Spain (19.1%), Poland (27.9%), and also with the single published study recently conducted in Morocco (25.9%) . Differences in the prevalence of nasal carriage of S. aureus may be due in part to differences in the quality and size of samples and the culture techniques used as previously reported by Kluytmans et al …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 49%

“…Despite the high rate of colonization, it is of high interest to note that the rate of MRSA from HD patients in our region still lower (3.3%) comparatively to those detected in Germany (12%), Poland (7.2%), and Rabat (14.8%) . Such difference can be related to low risk of MRSA colonization and infections among outpatient dialysis centers compared with an inpatient dialysis unit .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 62%

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Staphylococcus aureus nasal carriage in a Moroccan dialysis center and isolates characterization

Oumokhtar

Elazhari

Timinouni

et al. 2012

Hemodialysis International

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Staphylococcus aureus, which has its ecological niche in the anterior nares, has been shown to cause a variety of infectious diseases mainly for patients in hemodialysis units. We performed this study to evaluate the prevalence of nasal S. aureus carriage among hemodialysis outpatients, to determine the antimicrobial susceptibility of isolates, to characterize the virulence genes, and to identify associated risk factors. Nares swab specimens were obtained from 70 outpatients on hemodialysis between March and June 2010. Samples were plated immediately onto S. aureus specific media and pattern of antibacterial sensitivity was determined using disk diffusion method. Polymerase chain reaction was used to detect nuc, mecA, and genes encoding staphylococcal toxins. Medical record of patients was explored to determine S.aureus carriage risk factors. Nasal screening identified 42.9% S. aureus carriers with only one (3.3%) methicillin-resistant S. aureus isolate. Among the methicillin-susceptible S. aureus isolates, high rate of penicillin resistance (81.8%) has been detected. The identified risk factors were male gender and age ≤ 30 years. Research of virulence factors showed a high genetic diversity among the 30 S. aureus isolates. Twenty-one (70%) of them had at least one virulence gene, of which 3.3% were Panton-Valentine leukocidin (lukS/F-PV) genes. S. aureus carriage must be screened for at regular intervals in hemodialysis patients. Setting up a bacterial surveillance system is one of the strategies to understand the epidemiology of methicillin-resistant S. aureus, to guide local antibiotic policy and prevent spread of antibiotic-resistant S. aureus.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 70%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 49%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 62%

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Staphylococcus aureus nasal carriage in a Moroccan dialysis center and isolates characterization

Oumokhtar

Elazhari

Timinouni

et al. 2012

Hemodialysis International

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“…Six papers reported S. aureus among human populations [42,44,53,59,70,76]. MRSA rates ranged from 1.6% to 31.1%.…”

Section: Staphylococcus Aureusmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antimicrobial Resistance Among GLASS Pathogens In Morocco: An Epidemiological Scoping Review

Nejjari

Achhab²,

Benaouda

et al. 2022

Preprint

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Background: Monitoring of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is of great importance due to the frequency of strains becoming increasingly resistant to antibiotics. This review, using a public health focused approach, aimed to understand and describe the current status of AMR in Morocco in relation to WHO priority pathogens and treatment guidelines.Methods: PubMed, ScienceDirect and Google Scholar Databases and grey literature were searched published articles on antimicrobial drug resistance data for GLASS priority pathogens isolated from Morocco between January 2011 and December 2021. Articles were screened using strict inclusion/exclusion criteria. AMR data was extracted with medians and IQR of resistance rates.Results: Forty-nine articles were included in the final analysis. The most reported bacterium was Escherichia coli with median resistance rates of 90.9%, 64.0%, 56.0%, 47.8%, 34.4%, 34.0%, and 23.0% for amoxicillin, amoxicillin-clavulanic acid, co-trimoxazole, nalidixic acid, ceftriaxone, fluoroquinolones, and gentamicin, respectively. Colistin had the lowest median resistance with 0.1% (range 0.0-11.9).Conclusions: Whilst resistance rates are high for most of GLASS pathogens, there were deficient data to draw vigorous conclusions about the current status AMR in Morocco. The recently join to the GLASS system surveillance will begin to address this data gap.

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“…Para la determinación de la colonización nasal por SAMR se obtuvieron muestras nasales de cada sujeto utilizando hisopos de algodón estériles. (14)(15)(16)(17). El procedimiento del hisopado consistió en la rotación de un hisopo dentro de cada fosa nasal tres veces en sentido de las manecillas del reloj y tres veces en sentido contrario.…”

Section: Materiales Y Métodosunclassified

Características epidemiológicas de pacientes que presentan portación nasal de staphylococcus aureus meticilino resistente

et al. 2020

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Introducción: la portación nasal de S. aureus es considerada un riesgo tanto para infecciones nosocomiales como comunitarias. El comportamiento creciente de las infecciones causadas por cepas de Staphylococcus aureus meticilino resistentes (SAMR)en individuos con poca o ninguna exposición a factores de riesgo conocidos indica una variabilidad en el comportamiento microbiológico y epidemiológico de estas cepas. Objetivos: describir características sociodemográficas y clínicas de los pacientes adultos ambulatorios que asisten a consulta de otorrinolaringología que presentan enfermedad nasal y portadores nasales de S. aureus/SAMR. Establecer los patrones de susceptibilidad a antibióticos de las cepas de S aureus aisladas.Material y métodos: estudio observacional, descriptivo, prospectivo en 226 pacientes que consultaron por afecciones nasales a la consulta externa sección de otorrinolaringología del Hospital Universitario del Caribe, Cartagena, Colombia, entre agosto de 2012 a agosto de 2013. Realización de encuesta, toma de muestra mediante hisopado nasal, revisión de historia clínica, incubación e identificación bacteriana de lasmuestras nasales.Resultados: se tamizaron 226 pacientes, 19 pacientes (8.4%) presentaban S. aureus y de estos, el 63.2% fueron meticilino-sensibles (SAMS) y 36.8% fueron documentados resistentes a la meticilina (SAMR), la mediana de edad en los pacientes con S. aureus fue de 41 años (RI= 26 – 54). La proporción de pacientes del sexo femenino fue de 68.4%. De los aislamientos con SAMR solamente el 28.6% provenían de la ciudad de Cartagena. La rinitis alérgica seguida de hipertrofia de cornetes fueron las condiciones otorrinolaringológicas más frecuentes en estos pacientes. Ninguna comparación fue significativa entre los SAMS y SAMR. Los patrones de susceptibilidad antibiótica documentaron que las cepas de S. aureus fueron sensibles a linezolid, gentamicina, rifampicina, vancomicina y cloranfenicol. 94,7% sensible a levofloxacina y tetraciclina, 89.4% a ciprofloxacina y 73.6% a clindamicina. La sensibilidad intermedia fue demostrada en el 52.6% para eritromicina, 21% para cefalotina, 10.5% para clindamicina y 5.2% para ciprofloxacina y tetraciclina. Finalmente, la resistencia antibiótica tuvo su mayor porcentaje en la penicilina con un 84.2%, seguido de 78.9% para ampicilina, 52.6% cefalotina, 36.8% para oxacilina y 5.2% para levofloxacina, eritromicina y ciprofloxacina. El disco de cefoxitin fue utilizado para la predicción de resistencia a meticilina mediada por el gen mecA con una positividad en 36.8% (7 pacientes).Conclusiones: 7 (3.1%) de los 226 pacientes adultos que fueron tamizados presentaron aislamiento nasal por SAMR. Este es el primer reporte de colonización por aislamientos de SAMR en pacientes ambulatorios de la consulta de otorrinolaringología de un hospitalde tercer nivel en Cartagena, Colombia. Rev.cienc.biomed. 2015;6(1):85-95

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Epidemiology and prevention of Staphylococcus aureus nasal carriage in hemodialyzed patients

Cited by 13 publications

References 22 publications

Staphylococcus aureus nasal carriage in a Moroccan dialysis center and isolates characterization

Staphylococcus aureus nasal carriage in a Moroccan dialysis center and isolates characterization

Antimicrobial Resistance Among GLASS Pathogens In Morocco: An Epidemiological Scoping Review

Características epidemiológicas de pacientes que presentan portación nasal de staphylococcus aureus meticilino resistente

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