Epidemiology and risk factors of invasive fungal infections in a large cohort of patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia

Visentin, Andrea; Gurrieri, Carmela; Imbergamo, Silvia; Lessi, Federica; Maggio, Speranza Antonia Di; Frezzato, Federica; Adami, Fausto; Zambello, Renato; Semenzato, Gianpietro; Trentin, Livio

doi:10.1002/hon.2343

Cited by 20 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…5 Risk factors are mainly related to disease status, with the highest risk in relapsed/refractory disease, some previous chemotherapy regimens and immunoglobulin levels. 12 Depending on treatment administered, the risk is different: IFIs are mainly associated with the use of monoclonal anti-CD20 antibodies, purine analogs and BTK inhibitors. 30 , 38 …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Invasive Fungal Infections in Patients With Chronic Lymphoproliferative Disorders in the Era of Target Drugs

Pagano¹,

Facchinelli

2018

Mediterr J Hematol Infect Dis

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This review summarizes the more recent evidence about epidemiology and risk factors for invasive fungal infections (IFI) in patients affected by Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia (CLL), indolent Non Hodgkin Lymphoma (iNHL) and Multiple Myeloma (MM).Despite advances in the prognosis and treatment of hematological malignancies in recent years, susceptibility to infection remains a significant challenge to patient care. A large amount of data regarding patients with acute leukemia has been published while little information is available on the incidence of IFI in chronic lymphoproliferative disorders (CLD).New drugs are now available for treatment of lymphoproliferative disorders which may cause suppression of humoral immunity, cellular immunity, and deficiency of white blood cells, increasing the risk for infections which remain the leading cause of mortality in these patients.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Risk factors are mainly related to disease status (highest risk in relapsed/refractory disease), a number of previous chemotherapy regimens and Ig levels. 12 Whereas bacterial infections predominate during neutropenia, invasive fungal infections start to develop as neutropenia persists.…”

Section: Epidemiology Of Fungal Infections In Cllmentioning

confidence: 99%

Invasive Fungal Infections in Patients With Chronic Lymphoproliferative Disorders in the Era of Target Drugs

Pagano¹,

Facchinelli

2018

Mediterr J Hematol Infect Dis

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“…For correct diagnosis and timely treatment and also planning for control and prevention of these infections, it is necessary to have enough information and knowledge on the prevalence of these diseases and the dominant agents and species causing them in each region. The reports from various studies carried out in different cities and countries suggest that geographical distribution of superficial and cutaneous fungal infections and particularly dermatophytosis is different not only from region to region but also from year to year (1)(2)(3)(4)(5). Hence, the main objective of the present paper is to determine frequency of fungal infections and their agents and identify different kinds of dermatophytes and their distribution patterns in patients referred to Yazd Central Laboratory, Iran.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 92%

“…Pathological changes caused by these infections are the result of the host's immune system response to fungi agents and their metabolic products (4). So far, more than 40 species of dermatophyte have been identified that belong to three genera of microsporum, trichophyton, and epidermophyton (5). Only 11 of the 40 species of dermatophyte species are common causes of ringworm in humans, which originates from human, animal, or soil (3).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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An Epidemiological Study of Superficial Fungal Infections in Patients Referred to Yazd Central Laboratory, Iran

Ardekani

Ghaderi

Vakili³

et al. 2017

Acta Healthmedica

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Introduction: Superficial and cutaneous infections have high prevalence all over the world. It is necessary to be informed of disease prevalence in each zone and be able to identify its causes and dominant species to obtain proper diagnosis, early treatment, planning control, and prophylaxis. The main objective of the present paper is to determine the frequency of fungal infections and their agents and identify different kinds of dermatophytes and their distribution patterns in patients referred to Yazd Central Laboratory, Iran. Methods: In this retrospective descriptive study, patients suspected of having superficial fungal disease were surveyed from March 2011 to March 2013. Samples were taken from lesions, and diagnosis was made by means of fungal culture or direct microscope. In the case of observation of yeast, hyphae, mycelium, arthroconidia, spore, pseudohyphae, and budding cells in the samples, it was considered through positive smear result. The main values of this study were data analyzed by descriptive statistics in SPSS version 17 software; also, a chi-square test was used. Results: 2203 patients were studied: 685 patients (31.1% of all patients) suffered from superficial and cutaneous fungal infection; 498 patients (72.7%) suffered from dermatophytosis, the most prevalent infection, and respectively Cutaneous candidiasis (14.3%), erythrasma (10.3%), Tinea versicolor (2%), and nail aspergillus (0.7%) were next. In 125 cases, the upper limb was infected (25.1%). Conclusion: According to this study, dermatophytosis is the most prevalent and important fungal infection; thus, we should focus on educating and improving the hygiene of the societies in question to prevent and reduce the prevalence of these diseases.

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The evolving landscape of COVID‐19 and post‐COVID condition in patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia: A study by ERIC, the European research initiative on CLL

Visentin,

Chatzikonstantinou,

Scarfò

et al. 2023

American J Hematol

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In this retrospective international multicenter study, we describe the clinical characteristics and outcomes of patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) and related disorders (small lymphocytic lymphoma and high‐count monoclonal B lymphocytosis) infected by SARS‐CoV‐2, including the development of post‐COVID condition. Data from 1540 patients with CLL infected by SARS‐CoV‐2 from January 2020 to May 2022 were included in the analysis and assigned to four phases based on cases disposition and SARS‐CoV‐2 variants emergence. Post‐COVID condition was defined according to the WHO criteria. Patients infected during the most recent phases of the pandemic, though carrying a higher comorbidity burden, were less often hospitalized, rarely needed intensive care unit admission, or died compared to patients infected during the initial phases. The 4‐month overall survival (OS) improved through the phases, from 68% to 83%, p = .0015. Age, comorbidity, CLL‐directed treatment, but not vaccination status, emerged as risk factors for mortality. Among survivors, 6.65% patients had a reinfection, usually milder than the initial one, and 16.5% developed post‐COVID condition. The latter was characterized by fatigue, dyspnea, lasting cough, and impaired concentration. Infection severity was the only risk factor for developing post‐COVID. The median time to resolution of the post‐COVID condition was 4.7 months. OS in patients with CLL improved during the different phases of the pandemic, likely due to the improvement of prophylactic and therapeutic measures against SARS‐CoV‐2 as well as the emergence of milder variants. However, mortality remained relevant and a significant number of patients developed post‐COVID conditions, warranting further investigations.

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Epidemiology and risk factors of invasive fungal infections in a large cohort of patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia

Cited by 20 publications

References 13 publications

Invasive Fungal Infections in Patients With Chronic Lymphoproliferative Disorders in the Era of Target Drugs

Invasive Fungal Infections in Patients With Chronic Lymphoproliferative Disorders in the Era of Target Drugs

An Epidemiological Study of Superficial Fungal Infections in Patients Referred to Yazd Central Laboratory, Iran

The evolving landscape of COVID‐19 and post‐COVID condition in patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia: A study by ERIC, the European research initiative on CLL

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