Epidemiology and risk factors of coronary artery aneurysm in Taiwan: a population based case control study

Abstract

ObjectivesCoronary artery aneurysm (CAA) is usually an asymptomatic and rare disease. There are limited epidemiological data for CAA in Asian populations and in the rest of the world.DesignA retrospective case control study.SettingA population based, database study from Taiwan's National Health Insurance Research Database, between 2005 and 2011.ParticipantsCAA patients identified using International Classification of Diseases, ninth revision, clinical modification (ICD-9-CM) code 414.11 with CAA examinations.Outcome measuresThe incidence rate and mortality rate of CAA were calculated. We also matched patients with non-CAA patients according to age, gender and index year at a 1:10 ratio to explore the risk factors for CAA using conditional logistic regression.ResultA total of 1397 CAA patients were identified between 2005 and 2011; 41.9% were paediatric patients and 58.1% were adults. The incidence rate and mortality rate of CAA in Taiwan were 0.87 and 0.05 per 105 person-years, respectively. The adjusted odds ratios (aOR) for coronary atherosclerosis, hypertension, dyslipidaemia and diabetes were 7.97, 2.09, 2.48 and 1.51, respectively. Of note, aortic dissection (aOR 6.76), aortic aneurysm (aOR 5.82) and systemic lupus erythematosus (aOR 4.09) were found to be significantly associated with CAA.ConclusionIn Taiwan, CAA patients were distributed across both paediatric and adult populations. Apart from cardiovascular risk factors, aortic diseases and systemic lupus erythematosus need to be investigated further in CAA patients.

Role of QRS fragmentation in 12-lead surface ECG in prediction of isolated epicardial coronary artery ectasia and its anatomical distribution in patients without acute coronary syndromes

“…Due to sparsity of data, there is no agreement about definite risk factors for CAE. However, some studies postulated that the classic risk factors for atherosclerotic CAD may have a considerable role in the development of CAE [24,29].…”

“…Given the clinical consequences of CAE especially if it leads to an acute coronary syndrome, many studies were done trying to find predictors for this coronary abnormality [23][24][25][26]. fQRS despite being a very cheap and safe non-invasive method was not sufficiently studied as a potential predictor for isolated CAE.…”

Unique Findings and Novel Treatment Strategy of a Giant Coronary Artery Aneurysm Associated with a Significant Pericardial Effusion

“…Presently, data is lacking for the prevalence of giant CAAs in the United States. There has been a slight increase in research; however, expanding data is primarily in Asiatic countries likely due to having a higher incidence of Kawasaki disease, which is endemic in this population [8]. Furthermore, prevalence data for giant CAAs is practically nonexistent to be able to predict the possible incidence in the United States population, independent of knowledge of known risk factors.…”

Giant right coronary artery aneurysm presenting as cardiac tamponade

“…CAAs in adults are most commonly reported in association with coronary artery atherosclerosis; however, it is unclear whether coronary artery atherosclerosis is in the causative pathway [2]. CAAs have also been associated with several other common comorbidities including hypertension, diabetes mellitus and dyslipidaemia [3]. CAAs have also been reported in patients with systemic inflammatory diseases, connective tissue diseases, Kawasaki disease, cocaine use, trauma and congenital vascular malformations, as well as following stenting or angioplasty.…”