Epidemiology and Risk Factors of COVID-19-Related Mortality

Roy, Debarchan Barman; Gupta, Vandana; Tomar, Shalini; Gupta, Gaurav; Biswas, Ashutosh; Ranjan, Piyush; Baitha, Upendra; Pandey, Shivam; Prakash, Bindoo; Wig, Naveet

doi:10.7759/cureus.20072

Cited by 8 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…Ever since the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic since 2019, attempts have been made to identify the determinants for the severe form of the disease. It was evident early on that the presence of comorbidities such as HTN, DM, CAD, CKD, malignancy, autoimmune disease, and immune-suppression due to transplantation contributed to a more severe form of the disease [12,13]. Such patients manifested a myriad of clinical features including ARDS and multi-organ failure.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Th1/Th2/Th17 Cytokine Profile among Different Stages of COVID-19 Infection

Gupta

Shareef

Tomar

et al. 2022

Natl. Acad. Sci. Lett.

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Aim To characterize Th1/Th2/Th17 cytokine profile (IL-2, IL-4, IL-6, IL-10, TNF-a, IFN-c, and IL-17A) among different stages of COVID-19 infection. Methods This was a cross-sectional study which included six healthy individuals and 68 patients who were admitted with COVID-19 in the Department of Medicine, at All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, from July 2020 to September 2020. Patients were categorized into mild, moderate, and severe COVID-19 groups, and serum samples were drawn for the measurement of Th1/Th2/Th17 cytokines (IL-4, IL-6, IL-10, TNF-a, IFN-c, and IL-17A) which was done by BD TM Cytometric Bead Array. Results All the cytokines showed dynamic expression in the COVID-19 group, of which only IL-6 was statistically significant. Among the three severity groups of COVID-19, increased severity did not transform into increased cytokine level, with the exception for IL-6, which was statistically significant. Conclusions In our small sample study, six cytokines expressions were evaluated however most of them were elevated in COVID-19 patients but were not statistically significant except IL-6.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Th1/Th2/Th17 Cytokine Profile among Different Stages of COVID-19 Infection

Gupta

Shareef

Tomar

et al. 2022

Natl. Acad. Sci. Lett.

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“…SARS-CoV-2 is a recognized occupational hazard in Denmark ( 27 ), but the present findings indicate, that occupational COVID-19 may reach beyond the individual employee. Workplace-related infection of the spouse and other family members is in particular of concern for vulnerable people such as the elderly and people with a range of chronic diseases ( 28 , 29 ). This introduces a new perspective on management of occupational disease and adds to the importance of developing efficient preventive strategies, including for instance, consideration of strategies to mitigate domestic exposure and setting priorities for vaccination programmes ( 30 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

COVID-19-related hospital admission in spouses of partners in at-risk occupations

Bonde

Begtrup²,

Coggon³

et al. 2023

Scand J Work Environ Health

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“…13,14,15 Multiple studies have confirmed that following SARS-CoV-2 infection, diabetics are more likely to be hospitalised as compared to non-diabetics, especially if there is poor glycaemic control. 16 Diabetes causes an inhibition in neutrophil chemotaxis, phagocytosis, and intracellular destruction of microbes, thus offering efficient virus entry and decreased viral clearance. 17…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vaccination saves lives: How do patients with chronic diseases and severe COVID-19 fare? Analysis from India’s National Clinical registry for COVID-19

Mukherjee

Kumar

Turuk

et al. 2022

Preprint

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ObjectivesThis study aims to describe the demographic and clinical profile and ascertain the determinants of outcome among hospitalised COVID-19 adult patients enrolled in the National Clinical Registry for COVID-19 (NCRC).MethodsNCRC is an on-going data collection platform operational in 42 hospitals across India. Data of hospitalized COVID-19 patients enrolled in NCRC between 1st September 2020 to 26th October 2021 were examined.ResultsAnalysis of 29,509 hospitalised, adult COVID-19 patients [mean (SD) age: 51.1 (16.2) year; male: 18752 (63.6%)] showed that 15678 (53.1%) had at least one comorbidity. Among 25715 (87.1%) symptomatic patients, fever was the commonest symptom (72.3%) followed by shortness of breath (48.9%) and dry cough (45.5%). In-hospital mortality was 14.5% (n=3957). Adjusted odds of dying were significantly higher in age-group ≥60 years, males, with diabetes, chronic kidney diseases, chronic liver disease, malignancy, and tuberculosis, presenting with dyspnea and neurological symptoms. WHO ordinal scale 4 or above at admission carried the highest odds of dying [5.6 (95% CI: 4.6, 7.0)]. Patients receiving one [OR: 0.5 (95% CI: 0.4, 0.7)] or two doses of anti-SARS CoV-2 vaccine [OR: 0.4 (95% CI: 0.3, 0.7)] were protected from in-hospital mortality.ConclusionsWHO ordinal scale at admission is the most important independent predictor for in-hospital death in COVID-19 patients. Anti-SARS-CoV2 vaccination provides significant protection against mortality.

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Epidemiology and Risk Factors of COVID-19-Related Mortality

Cited by 8 publications

References 20 publications

Th1/Th2/Th17 Cytokine Profile among Different Stages of COVID-19 Infection

Th1/Th2/Th17 Cytokine Profile among Different Stages of COVID-19 Infection

COVID-19-related hospital admission in spouses of partners in at-risk occupations

Vaccination saves lives: How do patients with chronic diseases and severe COVID-19 fare? Analysis from India’s National Clinical registry for COVID-19

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