Epidemiology issues in problem of antibiotic resistance of clinical pathogens

Ni, Gabriélian; Шарапченко, С. О.; Kisil, О. V.; Кормилицина, В. Г.; Драбкина, И. В.; Сафонова, Т. Б.; Петрухина, М. И.; Саитгареев, Р. Ш.; Захаревич, В. М.

doi:10.33667/2078-5631-2020-34-6-8

Cited by 2 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…Санитарно-гигиеническое благополучие воздушной среды закрытых помещений различного предназначения -важнейшее направление профилактики распространения инфекций с аэрозольным механизмом передачи возбудителя [1]. Большое количество гигиенических исследований посвящено проблеме циркуляции микроорганизмов в стационарах различного профиля, оценке фактической контаминации воздуха различных помещений медицинских организаций микроорганизмами, анализу риска развития инфекций, связанных с оказанием медицинской помощи [2][3][4][5][6][7][8]. В последние годы появился ряд работ, посвященных изучению видового состава микробиоты общественного транспорта [9][10][11][12][13].…”

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“…В то же время в связи с ухудшающейся эпидемиологической ситуацией в мире особую значимость приобретает обеспечение микробиологической безопасности воздушной среды при пребывании в закрытых помещениях и близких контактах 1 МУК 4.3.2756-10 «Методические указания по измерению и оценке микроклимата производственных помещений». 2 СанПиН 1.2.3685-21 «Гигиенические нормативы и требования к обеспечению безопасности и (или) безвредности для человека факторов среды обитания». 3 Вредные вещества в промышленности: Неорганические и элементорганические соединения : справ.…”

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Evaluation of Efficiency of an Innovative Method for Reducing Microbial Air Contamination in Auditoriums: Part 1

Shkarin¹,

Latyshevskaya²,

Zamaraev³

et al. 2022

PH&LE

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Background: Sanitary and hygienic well-being of the air environment of closed premises for various purposes is the most important direction in preventing the spread of infections with an aerosol mechanism of pathogen transmission. Objective: To evaluate the effectiveness of an innovative method of reducing microbial indoor air contamination in auditoriums using a film absorber of original design. Materials and methods: We investigated microbial contamination of indoor air in medical university auditoriums in the cold (January-February 2021) and warm (April 2021) seasons of the year. We also tested the efficiency of air purification using a specially designed film absorber with and without an aqueous solution of lithium chloride added as an active substance. The microbial air contamination was monitored during the academic day under various modes of the device operation. Air sampling and testing were carried out using certified methods. Results: Our findings showed the presence of 2 to 4-component associations of microorganisms in most collected indoor air samples. Higher levels of microbial contamination in auditoriums were observed in the cold season of the year. A decrease in microbial air contamination after classes by 0–38 % was detected following 30 minutes of the absorber operation in the general ventilation mode and by 80–99 % after operating it with the active substance added. Conclusion: Test results demonstrate high efficiency of the method of reducing microbial air contamination in auditoriums using the film absorber of original design.

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Evaluation of Efficiency of an Innovative Method for Reducing Microbial Air Contamination in Auditoriums: Part 1

Shkarin¹,

Latyshevskaya²,

Zamaraev³

et al. 2022

PH&LE

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Pharmacoepidemiological analysis of the consumption of antibacterial drugs for the treatment of patients with nosocomial infections associated with previous hospitalization in multidisciplinary hospitals in the Tomsk region

Perfileva,

Miroshnichenko,

Perfilev

et al. 2023

Medical Journal of the Russian Federation

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BACKGROUND: Healthcare-associated infections (HAIs) are one of the common complications associated with patients stay in a medical organization. An urgent practical problem is the choice of antibiotic therapy for the treatment of patients with nosocomial infections because these infections are caused by antibiotic-resistant strains. HAIs associated with previous hospitalization (HAPH) manifest in patients after discharge from the hospital, and their risk of isolating resistant strains often remains unrecognized by specialists. Thus, more studies are required to examine the structure of HAPH pathogens and patterns of consumption of antibacterial drugs for the treatment of HAPH to further determine antibiotic therapy in these patients. AIMS: To analyze the use of antibiotic therapy for the treatment of HAPH with known etiological agents and the level of antibiotic resistance. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study analyzed the results of a multicenter descriptive retrospective study based on the Clinics Siberian State Medical University and the State Clinical Hospital No. B.I. Alperovich (Tomsk). A total of 108 HAPH cases were examined according to the medical records of inpatients (Form 003/y). For pharmacoepidemiological analysis, the anatomical therapeutic chemical/defined daily dose (DDD) methodology was used, and antibiotic intake was assessed using the number of established daily doses. The etiological structure of HSV microorganisms was evaluated using the AMRcloud online platform. Quantitative and qualitative indicators were presented as shares (%) and absolute numbers. RESULTS: In total, 116 isolates from patients with HAPH were assessed. Klebsiella pneumoniae, Klebsiella oxytoca, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus, and Escherichia coli were the dominant pathogens causing HAPH in the overall distribution of pathogens. For the treatment of these patients, a wide range of drugs was used, including 13 groups of antibiotics. In most cases, the parenteral route of drug administration was used: intravenous route, 56.0%; intramuscular, 28.0%; and oral, 16.0%. The DDD analysis showed that antibiotic intake for the treatment of patients with HAPH was 137.8 NDDD/100 bed-days; surgical infection, 48.2 NDDD/100 bed-days (35.0%); and pneumonia, 89.6 NDDD/100 bed-days (65.0%). Cephalosporins were the most commonly used group of antibiotics for both surgical infection and pneumonia, mainly third-generation cephalosporins. CONCLUSION: Etiological agents of HAPH are phenotypically similar to nosocomial strains. Among antibacterial drugs, cephalosporins and fluoroquinolones were mainly consumed, and HAPH isolates had unfavorable resistance profiles to these drugs.

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Epidemiology issues in problem of antibiotic resistance of clinical pathogens

Cited by 2 publications

References 14 publications

Evaluation of Efficiency of an Innovative Method for Reducing Microbial Air Contamination in Auditoriums: Part 1

Evaluation of Efficiency of an Innovative Method for Reducing Microbial Air Contamination in Auditoriums: Part 1

Pharmacoepidemiological analysis of the consumption of antibacterial drugs for the treatment of patients with nosocomial infections associated with previous hospitalization in multidisciplinary hospitals in the Tomsk region

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