Epidemiology of Acne Vulgaris: Prevalence, Severity and its Impact among School Teenagers in Makkah, Saudi Arabia

Alfalogy, Enas H.

doi:10.21608/efmj.2018.67775

Cited by 7 publications

(8 citation statements)

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“…Our results are much higher than the results reported in an Australian study which reported that overall prevalence of acne among male and female participants was 36.1% [17]. In addition, our results are slightly higher than the results of a study in Makkah, Saudi Arabia, which found the prevalence of acne among teenage females was 45.7% [18]. However, our findings are much lower than the findings of a study in Tehran where the overall prevalence of acne was 93.2%, 94.4% for boys and 92.0% for girls [13].…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 93%

“…We found significant association (p-value = 0.027) between menstrual disturbance and acne. We are in accordance with a study conducted in Makkah that showed association between irregular menstruation and acne as 80% of acne patients had menstrual disturbance [18]. Conversely, a study conducted in Italy reported no relationship between menstrual pattern and acne [10].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

“…Also, a large scale twins study conducted in the United Kingdom showed no relationship between acne and reproductive or hormonal potential risk factors [27]. As when we asked about the severity of the participants' acne 43% reported it as moderate severity, and 38.9% as mild which correlate with Alfalogy study as they display 38% were moderate in females and 30% were mild [18]. Similarly, in another study aimed to evaluate the effect of practice toward lifestyle in adolescence it showed 70 students out of 148 had variable degrees of severity and the overall was 47.3% [28].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 90%

“…While 58% thought that stress would make acne worse in Jeddah study but with no significant value [15]. Another study emphasizes that stress is a risk factor for acne with p-value of <0.001 and almost 82% of participants [18]. Dairy products are thought to aggravate acne, however, the participants' response was 30% with no significance, 38% took it 3 or 4 times/week and the majority took the whole milk (78%).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

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Epidemiology of Acne Vulgaris and Its Association With Lifestyle Among Adolescents and Young Adults in Hail, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia: A Community-Based Study

Alshammrie

Alshammari

Alharbi

et al. 2020

Cureus

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Acne vulgaris is the commonest dermatological problem internationally and nationally. Its incidence is increasing every year in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA). Though it is not a major health issue but it significantly affects the patient cosmetically, psychologically and socially. Previous studies have shown its association with lifestyle (age, diet, stress, sleep, smoking, exercise, obesity, etc.) and family history. By simple cost-effective lifestyle modification, its occurrence and late consequences could be minimized. Few hospital-based studies are done on this issue in Hail City, KSA. Hence present cross-sectional study was designed where data was collected by Google-Form from 484 residents of Hail City. Results have revealed that 65% of our respondents were suffering from mild to moderate Acne. Thirty percent of the respondents had BMI equal to more than 30. Majority of respondents (81%) had acne on whole face. Similarly, dairy products were also consumed by more than 50%. Majority of respondents (more than 50%) took chocolates, fast foods, oily foods and seafoods. Nuts were taken quite often by 37% of respondents. Age between 21-25 years and oily skin have a highly significant association (p = 0.000) with development of acne. Other variables that show significant association with acne were being obese, stressful, irregular menstrual cycles and excessive intake of nuts. Hence there is a need to address this issue in order to design recommendations for the general public to minimize the incidence and consequences of acne vulgaris by simple lifestyle modifications.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 93%

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 90%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

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Epidemiology of Acne Vulgaris and Its Association With Lifestyle Among Adolescents and Young Adults in Hail, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia: A Community-Based Study

Alshammrie

Alshammari

Alharbi

et al. 2020

Cureus

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“…40 The CADI has also been used in several studies assessing the impact of acne on QoL in nonclinical settings. Overall, 17 studies 11,17,22,23,[64][65][66][67][68][69][70][71][72][73][74][75][76] were conducted in schools, with reported mean CADI scores ranging from 2Á91 17 to 5Á8 65 in high schools and a mean of 1Á9 74 in primary school children and 1Á21 73 in preadolescents. Seven studies 71,[77][78][79][80][81][82] were conducted in universities reporting a mean CADI score ranging from 1Á47 77 to 3Á7.…”

Section: Epidemiological Surveys and Other Usesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clinical experience and psychometric properties of the Cardiff Acne Disability Index (CADI)*

et al. 2021

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The Cardiff Acne Disability Index (CADI) is a questionnaire designed to measure the quality of life of teenagers and young adults with acne. It has been used clinically and within therapeutic research globally. This review aims to appraise all published data regarding the clinical and research experience of the CADI, its psychometric properties and validation, from its publication in 1992 until September 2020, in a single reference source. A literature search was conducted using MEDLINE via Ovid, PubMed, EBSCOhost, Web of Science and Scopus. All full articles in the English language were included. A total of 96 clinical studies were identified and analysed. The CADI has been used in 44 different countries, including four multinational studies, and has validated translations in 25 languages. Overall, 29 therapeutic interventions have used the CADI, demonstrating its responsiveness to change. The reliability of the CADI has been assessed in 14 studies through test-retest and internal consistency studies. In total, 57 studies have demonstrated aspects of its validity through correlation to other measures, and five studies have investigated the dimensionality of the CADI. There is evidence of high internal consistency, test-retest reliability, responsiveness to change and significant correlation with other objective measures. The minimal clinically important difference and validated score meaning bands have not yet been reported. This information is needed to improve the interpretability of CADI scores for clinical use and in research. The authors of the CADI have also rephrased Question 2 of the measure to ensure inclusivity.What is already known about this topic?• Acne significantly impacts quality of life in patients.• There are several skin-specific and acne-specific instruments used in day-to-day practice and research.• The validation and other measurement properties of the Cardiff Acne Disability Index (CADI) have not been easily accessible.What does this study add?• The CADI has been extensively used and is a reliable and valid tool.• There is a need to develop validated CADI score bands and calculate the minimal clinically important difference.• The CADI authors have rephrased Question 2 to ensure that the wording is inclusive.• There is inconsistent reporting of CADI data and a need for guidelines when reporting and publishing quality-of-life data.

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The Effect of Depression on Treatment Adherence Among a Sample of Saudi Patients Diagnosed with Acne Vulgaris

Alghofaili¹,

Alolayan²,

Alhowail³

et al. 2021

CCID

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Purpose Acne vulgaris is an inflammatory disorder of the skin and is the most common dermatological disease, affecting all ages and races. Acne is known to be associated with depression. This study aimed to assess the impact of depression on patient adherence to acne vulgaris treatment using The Expectation Confirmation Theory (ECT). Patients and Methods This cross-sectional study was conducted with 204 patients with acne using four scales (depression, satisfaction, intention to adhere to acne medication, and control for confirmation). ECT scales were used to assess patient satisfaction and intention to adhere to medication. Demographic data were also collected, and descriptive and analytical statistical analyses were performed. Results A total of 204 questionnaires were completed. The mean age of the respondents was 25 ± 7.2. The majority were female; 167 (83.50%). Multiple linear regression analysis indicated a negative association between depression (β= −0.121, p = 0.033; 95% CI, −0.232 to −0.009) and satisfaction, when holding other variables constant, and the expected medication effect (confirmation) had a positive association with satisfaction (β= 0.334, p< 0.001; 95% CI, 0.202 to 0.466), keeping all other factors constant. Male sex was negatively associated with satisfaction (β= −2.388, p= 0.015; 95% CI −4.303 to −0.473), while keeping all other covariate sconstant. Residence in central provinces was a significant predictor of satisfaction (β= 2.562, p= 0.004; 95% CI, 0.832 to 4.292), when holding other factors constant. After conducting a simple linear regression, a positive significant association was found between adherence and satisfaction (β = 0.1713; 95% CI, 0.068 to 0.274). Conclusion Adherence is the cornerstone for a successful treatment plan and prevention of relapse or treatment failure, and satisfaction is an essential indicator for improving health policies and implementing social service provisions.

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Epidemiology of Acne Vulgaris: Prevalence, Severity and its Impact among School Teenagers in Makkah, Saudi Arabia

Cited by 7 publications

References 0 publications

Epidemiology of Acne Vulgaris and Its Association With Lifestyle Among Adolescents and Young Adults in Hail, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia: A Community-Based Study

Epidemiology of Acne Vulgaris and Its Association With Lifestyle Among Adolescents and Young Adults in Hail, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia: A Community-Based Study

Clinical experience and psychometric properties of the Cardiff Acne Disability Index (CADI)*

The Effect of Depression on Treatment Adherence Among a Sample of Saudi Patients Diagnosed with Acne Vulgaris

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