Epidemiology of Asthma, Rhinitis, Eczema, and Atopy Among Children

Abstract

Atopic disorders are a spectrum of diseases that share an underlying immune system issue. Atopic diseases such as eczema, asthma, and allergic rhinitis are frequent among children, making them a major public health concern around the world. Both genetic and environmental variables have a significant role in the development of these disorders. Despite the diversity, there appears to be a strong link between these conditions. While many diseases overlap risk factors, the nature and progression of disease differs from person to person. For children in the general population globally, the estimated prevalence of asthma, eczema, and allergic rhinitis is 12.0%, 7.9%, and 12.7%, respectively. The purpose of this research is to review the available information about the epidemiology of asthma, rhinitis and eczema among children. Due to their high frequency and related clinical and social cost, allergic disorders such as asthma, rhinitis, and eczema have turned into a worldwide public health challenge. Despite the fact that allergic disorders can be considered as separate entities, multimorbidity which is coexistence and cooccurrence is a common event. Over the last two decades, the incidence of asthma, rhinitis, and eczema has increased globally and varies across different geographical regions hence, effective prevention and management approach is need of time. More epidemiological population-based surveys in future can contribute to generation of evidence-based strategies for the prevention and management of these diseases and will also play a pivotal role in creating awareness among parents.