Epidemiology of Brain and Other CNS Tumors

Ostrom, Quinn T.; Francis, Stephen; Barnholtz‐Sloan, Jill S.

doi:10.1007/s11910-021-01152-9

Cited by 88 publications

(69 citation statements)

References 83 publications

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“…GPTBE causes the fluid content of peritumoral tissue to rise. Gliomas account for approximately 80% of intracranial malignancies, and GPTBE is a prevalent occurrence [ 1 , 2 , 3 ]. Most studies concur that the presence of GPTBE in gliomas is linked to tumor aggressiveness and patient prognosis, and that severe GPTBE can be fatal [ 4 , 16 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Gliomas are the most frequent primary central nervous system tumors, accounting for around half of all intracranial tumors [ 1 ]. Even after standard treatment, such as maximum surgical resection, radiotherapy, and chemotherapy, glioma patients’ prognosis varies greatly, and the median overall survival of glioblastoma (GBM) patients is only 19 months [ 2 , 3 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Identifying the Hub Genes of Glioma Peritumoral Brain Edema Using Bioinformatical Methods

Peng

Wang

et al. 2022

Brain Sciences

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Glioma peritumoral brain edema (GPTBE) is a frequent complication in patients with glioma. The severity of peritumoral edema endangers patients’ life and prognosis. However, there are still questions concerning the process of GPTBE formation and evolution. In this study, the patients were split into two groups based on edema scoring findings in the cancer imaging archive (TCIA) comprising 186 TCGA-LGG patients. Using mRNA sequencing data, differential gene (DEG) expression analysis was performed, comparing the two groups to find the key genes affecting GPTBE. A functional enrichment analysis of differentially expressed genes was performed. Then, a protein–protein interaction (PPI) network was established, and important genes were screened. Gene set variation analysis (GSVA) scores were calculated for major gene sets and comparatively correlated with immune cell infiltration. Overall survival (OS) was analyzed using the Kaplan–Meier curve. A total of 59 DEGs were found, with 10 of them appearing as important genes. DEGs were shown to be closely linked to inflammatory reactions. According to the network score, IL10 was in the middle of the network. The presence of the IL10 protein in glioma tissues was verified using the human protein atlas (HPA). Furthermore, the gene sets’ GSVA scores were favorably linked with immune infiltration, particularly, with macrophages. The high-edema group had higher GSVA scores than the low-edema group. Finally, Kaplan–Meier analysis revealed no differences in OS between the two groups, and eight genes were found to be related to prognosis, whereas two genes were not. GPTBE is linked to the expression of inflammatory genes.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identifying the Hub Genes of Glioma Peritumoral Brain Edema Using Bioinformatical Methods

Peng

Wang

et al. 2022

Brain Sciences

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“…Glioblastoma or astrocytoma is the most common and aggressive primary brain tumor (inside the glioma tumors), and the most fatal primary brain cancer found in children and adults [ 122 , 123 ], and current therapeutic strategies have poor efficacy [ 124 ]. In addition, the glioblastoma environment is composed of reactive astrocytes, fibroblasts, vascular pericytes, immune cells, microglia/macrophages, and ECs.…”

Section: A Possible Role Of Astrocytes In Tumoral Angiogenesis and Si...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Key Role of Astrocytes in Postnatal Brain and Retinal Angiogenesis

Puebla

Tapía

Espinoza³

2022

IJMS

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Angiogenesis is a key process in various physiological and pathological conditions in the nervous system and in the retina during postnatal life. Although an increasing number of studies have addressed the role of endothelial cells in this event, the astrocytes contribution in angiogenesis has received less attention. This review is focused on the role of astrocytes as a scaffold and in the stabilization of the new blood vessels, through different molecules release, which can modulate the angiogenesis process in the brain and in the retina. Further, differences in the astrocytes phenotype are addressed in glioblastoma, one of the most devastating types of brain cancer, in order to provide potential targets involved in the cross signaling between endothelial cells, astrocytes and glioma cells, that mediate tumor progression and pathological angiogenesis. Given the relevance of astrocytes in angiogenesis in physiological and pathological conditions, future studies are required to better understand the interrelation between endothelial and astrocyte signaling pathways during this process.

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“…Gliomas are the most common type of malignant histology found in adults, while meningiomas and tumors of the pituitary are the most common types of non-malignant tumors. Additionally, malignant brain and other CNS tumors are the sixth leading cause of cancer death in adults older than 40 in the USA [4]. This review analyzes the primary methods for assessing residual brain tumors: conventional ultrasound, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Utility of CEUS as an Intraoperative Tool for Residual Brain Tumors: An Overview

Botero

2022

OAJNN

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Brain and other CNS tumors are the eight most common cancers in adults older than 40. This article reviews the main methods used to assess residual brain tumors, such as conventional ultrasound, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS). This opinion article points out the effectiveness of CEUS, compared to conventional ultrasound and MRI, as an intraoperative tool for residual brain tumors. Ultrasound (US) is a well-known imaging test that has been used for many years. This technology enables neurosurgeons to resect brain tumors more safely and preserve brain function without exposing the brain to ionizing radiation. Another vital tool frequently used is the MRI. This is a non-invasive imaging technology that produces three-dimensional detailed anatomical images. The most reliable imaging tool for brain tumors is gadolinium-enhanced resonance imaging. However, neurosurgeons have a postoperative time frame of 24-48 hours to perform an MRI with gadolinium enhancement; beyond that time frame, postoperative changes along the operative margins could be misinterpreted as residual enhancing tumors. Currently, the CEUS method is gaining popularity in the imaging field as a new radiological tool. CEUS has been effectively used to assess various organ afflictions, such as liver and renal tumors. However, there is limited evidence regarding its role in the central nervous system (CNS). The use of CEUS in brain tumors has shown to be more accurate in solid tumors when compared to cystic lesions. According to our research, contrast-enhanced ultrasound over conventional ultrasound in the US suggests a better outcome for patients undergoing neurosurgical procedures by reducing brain damage that could result from surgical removal of tumors. Therefore, CEUS should be considered in different operative stages for surgical brain tumor removal and postoperative clinical evaluation to ensure a better outcome for these patients.

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Epidemiology of Brain and Other CNS Tumors

Cited by 88 publications

References 83 publications

Identifying the Hub Genes of Glioma Peritumoral Brain Edema Using Bioinformatical Methods

Identifying the Hub Genes of Glioma Peritumoral Brain Edema Using Bioinformatical Methods

Key Role of Astrocytes in Postnatal Brain and Retinal Angiogenesis

The Utility of CEUS as an Intraoperative Tool for Residual Brain Tumors: An Overview

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