Epidemiology of Breast Cancer in Mexican Women with Obesity as a Risk Factor

Abstract

Purpose. Adipose tissue in overweight and obesity shows metabolic imbalance in the function of adipocytes and macrophages, this leads to altered regulation of hunger, lipid storage, and chronic inflammation possibly related to the development of breast cancer. Methods. The study was retrospective of 653 breast cancer patients treated at a tertiary care hospital. Histopathology, hormone receptors, grade, clinical stage, clinical biometry analysis, CEA and CA 15-3 antigens were analyzed. The analyses were performed at diagnosis and at the end of oncological treatments. Results. Mexican women studied and treated for breast cancer have an IBM of 29 from diagnosis and at the end of their cancer treatments. The average age was 52 ± 12 years, 54% in women older than 55 years. Cancer recurrence occurs in any molecular type; however, the common factor was overweight and obesity with 73% vs. 21% in normal weight patients. The most frequent tumor tissue in the population was positive hormone receptors of the luminal type (65%), HER2 (15%), and NT (15%). The analyses of macrophages/lymphocytes (M/L), CEA, and CA 15-3 antigens evaluated in women >55 and <55 years, with and without recurrence are elevated at the end of oncological treatments. Conclusions. The analysis of Mexican women with breast cancer showed a predominance of overweight and obesity at diagnosis and at the end of treatment. A relationship between obesity and cancer recurrence with a low response to treatment due to elevation in Ag CEA and CA 15-3 is suggested. The L/M ratio could be an indicator of inflammation related to adipose tissue since diagnosis.

Post-Chemotherapy Cardiotoxicity in Women With Breast Cancer

“…The study population was found to be 73% of women with overweight and obesity and who were considered a risk factor for treatment and chronic diseases [3].…”

“…The secondary effects of the damage depend on individual sensitivity, the treatment regimen, and the dosing. Human Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor Type 2-positive (HER2+) breast cancer presents in 15% of Mexican women and treatment of the latter is based on hormone therapy with Tratuzumab [2][3][4].…”

Descriptive analysis of histological types in women undergoing post mastectomy breast reconstruction

“…It has been estimated that by the year 2022, worldwide, the numbers of breast cancer cases were estimated at 2.2 million cases, with 685,000 deaths from this cancer. 4 Despite advances in diagnosis and treatment, 45% of the global incidence occurs in developing countries, representing 55% of all deaths. In Mexico, Globocan Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Hospital General de México "Dr. Eduardo Licéaga", México City, México estimates that the incidence and mortality of breast cancer is 39.5 and 9.9 cases per 100,000, respectively.…”

Post-chemotherapy Cardiotoxicity in Women With Breast Cancer

“…The secondary effects of the damage depend on individual sensitivity, the treatment regimen, and the dosing. Human Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor Type 2-positive (HER2+) breast cancer presents in 15% of Mexican women [3] and treatment of the latter is based on hormone therapy with Tratuzumab [4]. Cardiological control is necessary in patients, above all when the CT is combined with anthracyclines, requiring the assessment of the ventricular function and of the function of harmful proteins [5,6] within the care protocols.…”