Epidemiology of burn wound bacterial infections at a Meknes hospital, Morocco

Abstract

This study aimed to determine the prevalence of burn wound infection in the ward of Burns and Plastic Surgery at Mohammed V Hospital, Meknes, Morocco, and to determine the pathogenic bacterial species responsible for this infection as well as the susceptibility of these isolates to various antibiotics. Over the 1-year study period, 126 patients were admitted. The main sources of burns were flames (52.38%) and hot water (28.57%); 71% had burns with 11% to 40% burn surface and 48.41% had burns between 11% and 20% total burn surface. The mean ± SD duration of hospitalization was 22.15 ± 13.84 days after injury. Eighty-six patients were found to have at least one positive culture requiring treatment and were thus included in this study. The predominant bacteria isolated were Staphylococcus aureus (33.85%), followed by Pseudomonas spp. (18.46%), Acinetobacter baumannii (15.38%), Klebsiella pneumoniae (13.85%), Escherichia coli (8.46%) and Proteus mirabilis (4.42%). Disc-diffusion susceptibility testing indicated a high prevalence of resistance to various antimicrobial agents. Among the Staphylococcus aureus and Enterobacteriaceae strains isolated, 86.36% were methicillin resistant and 48.64% were extended-spectrum β-lactamase producers respectively.

Different Infection Profiles and Antimicrobial Resistance Patterns Between Burn ICU and Common Wards

“…Consistent with previous results ( Hu et al., 2018 ; El Hamzaoui et al., 2020 ), S. aureu s was the most common pathogen in burn wounds, and the percentage of S. aureus was higher in BCW than in BICU. However, the percentage of MRSA was significantly higher in BICU (89.5% to 96.3%) than in BCW (62.8% to 82.9%).…”

“…Because microorganism composition may be different by specimen type ( Frikh et al., 2018 ), we further analyzed the pathogen distribution in different clinical sample types. Although Gram-negative bacteria were predominant in wounds from patients in BICU and BCW, S. aureus were the most common bacteria, which is consistent with previous studies ( El Hamzaoui et al., 2020 ; Hubab et al., 2020 ) and data on the China Antimicrobial Surveillance Network (CHINET) ( Hu et al., 2018 ). This could be partly explained by staphylococcus being the main normal flora in skin, but the number of common Gram-positive bacteria types are lower than those of common Gram-negative bacteria types ( Ladhani et al., 2020 ).…”

Synergistic efficacy of colistin and silver nanoparticles impregnated human amniotic membrane in a burn wound infected rat model

“…Pseudomonas aeruginosa ( P. aeruginosa ), Klebsiella pneumoniae ( K. pneumoniae ) and Staphylococcus aureus ( S. aureus ) are among the commonly isolated pathogenic bacteria from infected burn victims. However, clinicians are faced with an additional arduous task of managing these antibiotic-resistant pathogenic infections 3 . Colistin has resurfaced as a last resort antibiotic for gram-negative bacterial infections resistant to other antibiotics 4 .…”

Antimicrobial Resistance Among GLASS Pathogens In Morocco: An Epidemiological Scoping Review

“…For 3GC, median resistances were calculated as 58.6% (n = 6, IQR 52.5-77.5), 63.7% (n = 9, IQR 40.4-86.7), 61.9% (n = 10, IQR 42.1-85.9) for ceftriaxone, cefotaxime and ceftazidime respectively. Colistin resistance was reported as 17.0% (IQR 8.3-24.0) in four studies [35,49,63,64].…”