Epidemiology of Cardiovascular Disease in Women

Marrugat, Jaume; Sala, Joan; Aboal, Jaime

doi:10.1016/s1885-5857(06)70030-5

Cited by 14 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 58 publications

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“…A lower consumption of tobacco and alcohol and an increased prevalence of diabetes were also found in women. Many studies [9][10][11] have shown that at the onset of coronary heart disease, women have worse prognosis than men, partly due to a major accumulation of risk factors: an older age and a higher presence of hypertension and diabetes. D-dimer is a primary degradation product of crosslinked fibrin, and elevated D-dimer levels suggest ongoing thrombin generation and breakdown.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gender Differences in Thrombogenic Profile Associated to Coronary Obstruction Angiographically Evaluated

Vacas¹

2011

TOATHERTJ

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Abstract:Objective: To identify potential differences between concentrations of thrombogenic markers associated to coronary obstruction in men and women. Patients and Methods:We included 502 consecutive patients (251 men and 251 women), with a mean age of 63.94(11.26) and 66.08(10.58) years respectively. In all patients coronary arteriography was performed, either by presenting an acute coronary episode or for discard coronary heart disease (CHD). CHD was defined as a 50% narrowing of lumen in one of the three major coronary arteries. At the hospital admission, a blood sample was withdrawn to determine lipoprotein (a), fibrinogen, C reactive protein (CRP) and D-dimer levels. Patients also answered a survey questionnaire which included family and personal history of cardiovascular disease, and personal habits. Weight, height, and abdominal perimeter were also measured.Results: 80.47% of men and 59.36% of women presented coronary heart disease. Hypertension, diabetes and dyslipidaemia were clearly associated with CHD in women whereas in men only dyslipidaemia and diabetes showed this association. D-dimer was the only marker with significantly higher values (p<0.032) in men with coronary obstruction, while in women these markers were CRP (p<0.004), Lp(a) (p<0.001) and fibrinogen (p<0.045). In the multivariate analysis, hypertension, dyslipidaemia, smoking habit and Lp(a) showed an independently association with CHD in women, whereas in men dyslipidaemia and age were the independent risk factors for CHD. Conclusions:Our results strongly suggest that major cardiovascular risk factors associated to CHD present gender differences. Lipoprotein (a) proved to be the only differential thrombogenic factor between men and women independently associated with coronary obstruction.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gender Differences in Thrombogenic Profile Associated to Coronary Obstruction Angiographically Evaluated

Vacas¹

2011

TOATHERTJ

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“…Gender has frequently been studied as an element that causes inequalities between men and women, related to risk factors as well as aspects of symptomatology and diagnosis, treatment, rehabilitation and the prevention of disease (Lerner & Kannel , p. 383, Marrugat et al . , p. 266, 261, Pancholy et al . , p. 1823).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Differences in the treatment and evolution of acute coronary syndromes according to gender: what are the causes?

Ferraz‐Torres

Otano

Marín‐Fernández

et al. 2015

Journal of Clinical Nursing

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“…Differences due to gender in CI detected in other studies [7][8][9][10] have allowed us to observe a difference in treatment between men and women. A lesser application of drugs and invasive techniques has been registered (fibrinolysis, primary angioplasty or rescue angioplasty) in women, having repercussions in a worse evolution of their pathology.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 57%

Factors Related to Gender Inequalities in the Management of Ischemic Heart Disease

Ferraz‐Torres¹

2016

J Clin Exp Cardiolog

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Introduction: Historically, epidemiological health studies -mainly research on coronary heart disease-have focused their analysis in the male population. With this, the biological characteristics and psychosocial aspects of women have remained invisible to the patterns of health and disease, thereby generating significant differences in the treatment and outcome of these pathologies according to sex.

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Epidemiology of Cardiovascular Disease in Women

Cited by 14 publications

References 58 publications

Gender Differences in Thrombogenic Profile Associated to Coronary Obstruction Angiographically Evaluated

Gender Differences in Thrombogenic Profile Associated to Coronary Obstruction Angiographically Evaluated

Differences in the treatment and evolution of acute coronary syndromes according to gender: what are the causes?

Factors Related to Gender Inequalities in the Management of Ischemic Heart Disease

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