Epidemiology of coronary artery disease and stroke and associated risk factors in Gaza community –Palestine

Abstract

Aim of studyTo determine the prevalence of cardiovascular disease and associated risk factors in the population of Gaza strip in Palestine.MethodsA cross-sectional stratified cluster sample design was applied in this study. A sample of 2240 participant (1121 males and 1119 females) aged ≥25 years participated in the study. For each individual, trained staff administered a questionnaire, where all variables of interest followed WHO’s STEP wise approach to surveillance chronic disease risk factors (STEPS) (WHO, 2001). Sociodemographic data, anthropometric measure (body mass index, blood pressure), and biochemical test (blood sugar and lipids profiles) were measured. Short International Physical Activity (IPAQ) questionnaire form was used. Bivariate analysis and logistic regression were used with SPSS (version 22.0) to analyze the data.ResultsThe most common condition was coronary artery disease (8.3%), followed by stroke events (3%). The associated risk factors were obesity (47.8%), hypertension (28.4%), current smoking account for (23.2%), diabetes mellitus (19.1%), high cholesterol level (8.8%), and high triglycerides level (40.2%). Additionally, the proportion of being physical active was found to be low (48.3%); particularly with increasing age. More than 30% of the population has less than 4 days of consumption of fruit and vegetables per week and 65.9% has less than 2 servings per day.ConclusionThe burden of CVDs and their associated risk factors is considerable in Gaza and represents a major public health concern. Effective strategies in management, education and healthcare centers are required for an accurate management and implementation of preventive measure in this area.

The Correlation of Matrix Metalloproteinase-9 With Stroke and Prevalence, Risk Factors, and Knowledge of Stroke Among Palestinians

“…The incidence of stroke in our study is consistent with the two hospital-based studies conducted in North Palestine in 2008 and 2009 [7,8]. While the third study in 2019 was conducted in the Gaza strip and showed that the stroke has a lower incidence in this area [9]. Knowledge of stroke risk factors is known to reduce the incidence of stroke.…”

The epidemic of the metabolic syndrome among the palestinians in the Gaza Strip

“…19 The female predominance is not surprising in our study and could be explained by the fact of high and rising frequency of obesity, diabetes and hypertension in our community, mainly in females. 20 The relationship between the elevated prevalence of MetS in women and android fat distribution and the predominant menopausal components was not analyzed. These factors may contribute to the results.…”

Outcomes of Transradial Approach in Patients Undergoing Primary Percutaneous Coronary Intervention for Acute St Segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction

“…All appropriate patients suffering from acute STEMI presenting to Emergency Room was offered PPCI considering it as a gold standard treatment as well as thrombolysis with all pros and cons to educate and help them opt a better option for them. Candidates in acute STEMI for PPCI were as follows 1 . ST segment elevation on ECG with >1mm in two or more contiguous limb leads or >2mm in two or more contiguous precordial leads 7.2. presented with typical chest pain <12 hours without a previous history of thrombolytic therapy.…”

“…Other inclusion factors involve participants with positive Allen`s sign for transradial Primary Percutaneous intervention (TR-PCI). Exclusion criteria for this study was 1 . STEMI Patients contraindicated candidates for PPCI 2 .…”

“…In 2015, approximately 17.7 million people died from Coronary Artery disease (CAD) which makes 31% of death population worldwide. It is expected that till 2030, 43.9% of population in United States is at risk of developing cardiac diseases 1 . Similar is the case in other countries like in Saudi Arabia, the united Arabic Emirates, Bahrain and Qatar where rate of mortality due to CVD is 42%, 38%, 32% and 23% respectively 2 .…”