Epidemiology of CTX-M-type extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing nosocomial -Escherichia coli infection in China

Abstract

BackgroundEscherichia coli is one of the most common clinical pathogens causing nosocomial infection. The widespread cefotaxime-beta lactamases (CTX) has increased the multidrug resistance (MDR) of E. coli and has brought great trouble to the doctor treating the infection.MethodsESBL-positive E. coli isolates were collected from different hospitals in different areas and the minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) was analyzed by the agar dilution method. The resistance gene types were detected using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and the sequence types were determined by multilocus sequence typing (MLST).ResultsWe found that the blaCTX-M-1 group and the blaCTX-M-9 group were the main CTX-M gene types, with many kinds of MLST gene types. Except for TEM with high isolate, SHV, OXA and VEB were relatively rare, while no PER and GES was detected. Most strains may have other resistance mechanisms, and the ESBL positive strains have high resistance not only to cephalosporins but also to other kinds of antibiotics.ConclusionThe study provides wide epidemiological data and enables more effective infection control and treatment plans.

CTX-M-type ESBL-mediated resistance to third-generation cephalosporins and conjugative transfer of resistance in Gram-negative bacteria isolated from hospitals in Tamil Nadu, India

“…Our present investigation also confirmed that the isolates from Chennai were positive for group-1 and group-9 CTX-M. The CTX-M-group-1 was the most predominant ESBL detected in 19 isolates (95 % of ESBL) followed by group-9 and this was in accordance with another study, which detected bla CTX-M-1 and bla CTX-M-9 at 66.9 % (87/130) and 54.6 %(71/130) respectively, whereas none of the isolates in this study was positive for bla CTX-M-2 , bla CTX-M-8 and bla CTX-M-25 groups [30].…”

Prevalence of co-existence genes and clonal spread of ESBL-producing isolates causing hospital and community-acquired infections in Zenica-Doboj Canton, Bosnia and Herzegovina

“…This is similar with the report from India, Germany, Malaysia, and Iran where the prevalence of coproduction of more than two types of beta-lactamases in inpatient was 70%, 77%, 50%, and 45% (5,8,11,13), respectively. These prevalences are lower in the report from China (11%), North Iran (30%), and Egypt (10%) (6,7,9).…”

“…In recent years, the production of more than one beta-lactamase has frequently been reported in some countries, such as in the study from India (4,5), China (6), Iran (7), and Germany (8), Egypt (9), USA (10), Malaysia (11), and Bosnia and Herzegovina (B and H) (12). The antimicrobial resistance of Gram-negative bacteria has risen progressively during the past decades, leading to an increasing number of outbreaks due to the existence of multi-resistant bacteria, especially those producing more than one beta-lactamase type (4).…”

CTX-M-15 Type β-lactamases From Clinical Isolates of Escherichia coli by Polymerase Chain Reaction and DNA Sequencing

“…A high prevalence and broad geographic distribution of CTX-M-producing E. coli and K. pneumonia nosocomial strains have been shown in Russia. The bla CTX -M type is the most common ESBL resistance gene in E. coli isolates in China, as most reports indicate [25]. β-lactamases of the CTX-M-1 cluster were the predominant CTX-M enzymes in both species.…”