Epidemiology of Dengue, Chikungunya, and Zika Virus Disease in U.S. States and Territories, 2017

Abstract

Dengue, chikungunya, and Zika viruses, primarily transmitted by Aedes species mosquitoes, have caused large outbreaks in the Americas, leading to travel-associated cases and local mosquito-borne transmission in the United States. We describe the epidemiology of dengue, chikungunya, and noncongenital Zika virus disease cases reported from U.S. states and territories in 2017, including 971 dengue cases, 195 chikungunya cases, and 1,118 Zika virus disease cases. Cases of all three diseases reported from the territories were reported as resulting from local mosquito-borne transmission. Cases reported from the states were primarily among travelers, with only seven locally acquired mosquitotransmitted Zika virus disease cases reported from Texas (n = 5) and Florida (n = 2). In the territories, most dengue cases (n = 508, 98%) were reported from American Samoa, whereas the majority of chikungunya (n = 39, 100%) and Zika virus disease (n = 620, 93%) cases were reported from Puerto Rico. Temporally, the highest number of Zika virus disease cases occurred at the beginning of the year, followed by a sharp decline, mirroring decreasing case numbers across the Americas following large outbreaks in 2015 and 2016. Dengue and chikungunya cases followed a more seasonal pattern, with higher case numbers from July through September. Travelers to the United States and residents of areas with active virus transmission should be informed of both the ongoing risk from dengue, chikungunya, and Zika virus disease and personal protective measures to lower their risk of mosquito bites and to help prevent the spread of these diseases.

Demographic, socioeconomic and disease knowledge factors, but not population mobility, associated with lymphatic filariasis infection in adult workers in American Samoa in 2014

“…From 2005 to 2015, annual rainfall ranged from 297 to 381 cm and average temperature was between 27.3-28.5 °C [1]. The wet tropical environment and resulting high density of mosquitoes [19] leads to high risk of vector-borne diseases; dengue seroprevalence was over 95% in 2010 [20] and there are frequent outbreaks of arboviral diseases [21,22]. The population, estimated at 61,181 in 2014 [1] declined between 2000 and 2010 at an estimated annual rate of − 3.1%.…”

Does temperature matter for COVID-19 transmissibility? Evidence across Pakistani provinces

“…The former studies were mainly centered on the prevention and control of diseases, i.e., malaria, H1N1 flu, dengue, AIDS, Chikungunya, and Zika (Saha and Samanta 2019 ; Vairo et al 2019 ; Hausman et al 2020 ; Kaur et al 2021 ; Wang et al 2021 ). Among them, the first array of studies considered the epidemiology of diseases (Adams et al 2019 ; Mosnier et al 2019 ; Cissoko et al 2020 ). The second batch of studies focused on conducting surveys to find the impact of certain factors on the prevention of epidemic (Preti et al 2020 ; Wenjun et al 2020 ).…”

Evaluating the Safety of West Nile Virus Immunity During Congenital Zika Virus Infection in Mice

“…This is concerning because we and others have demonstrated that antibodies elicited by WNV are cross-reactive to ZIKV, suggesting that preexisting WNV immunity has the potential to impact ZIKV pathogenesis (31,39,40). In fact, during the 2016 outbreak, mosquito transmission of ZIKV occurred in both Texas and Florida, demonstrating the potential for ZIKV to expand into WNV-endemic areas (41). This risk is expected to increase as global temperatures rise (42).…”