Epidemiology of Disability Among Able-Bodied Population of Tver (Russia)

Abstract

RELEVANCE: The problem of disability among the able-bodied population is very relevant, because the number of people with a newly established disability group is increasing. Every tenth person in the world has a disability according to the United Nation. The disability is considered to be one of the medical and demographic indicators. Its monitoring underlies ensuring the protection of the health of citizens. Research on the epidemiology of disability plays an important role in preventing an increase in the number of disabled citizens. PURPOSE: To study the dynamics and structure of disability among patients of a surgical department and assessing the degree of disability among residents of the city of Tver (Russia). MATERIALS: The analysis was carried out using the data on the official reports of polyclinic No. 1 of City Clinical Hospital No. 7 in Tver for the period from 2010 to 2020. The dynamics of the frequency of registration of persons with disabilities was studied, the structure of disability by groups was analyzed. The degree of reliability of the obtained data was assessed. RESULTS: The rates of citizens with disabilities increased 3.3 times from 2010 to 2020. The dynamics was wave-like. There was a sharp rise in the number of people who received a disability group for the first time from the beginning of 2010 to the end of 2013. The indicators did not change much from 2014 to 2020. However, the dynamics of the percentage of the working population among persons with disabilities developed in inverse proportion. Those who received a disability group for the first time mainly had pathologies of the musculoskeletal system and vascular diseases. The largest number of patients received disability group III (moderate disability) each year. CONCLUSION:The tendency was illustrated through an example of the city of Tver (Russia). The data shows a decrease in the able-bodied population and an increase in social inequality. It is an urgent problem in the region.