Epidemiology of End-Stage Renal Disease in Fayoum governorate (Egypt)

Abstract

Introduction: Chronic kidney disease represents a common health burden in Egypt and worldwide. Hemodialysis remains the main renal replacement modality in spite of the advent of kidney transplantation. Identification of the risk factors is the first line to control disease spread and decrease its prevalence. Aim of the work:To evaluate the main causes and risk factors for end-stage renal disease (ESRD) among the Egyptian population Subjects and Methods: This cross-sectional study was held on 1000 HD after the exclusion of patients below 18 or above 60 and residents outside the Fayoum governorate. Patients were recruited from Fayoum governmental hospitals and Fayoum university hospital, Egypt. Data were collected from patient medical records, and missed data were collected from the patients or their relatives.Results: Mean age of the included patients was 49±10.1 years. Most patients in the current study were males (68.5%) and nonsmokers. ESRD was caused by hypertension (HTN) (46.1%), Kidney stones (25.4%), unknown causes (10.3%), and a combination of HTN and diabetes mellitus (DM) (6.8%). There were statistically significant differences between males and females regarding the frequency of some original kidney diseases. There were no statistically significant effects of working on the frequency of different kidney diseases. Conclusion: HTN, followed by Kidney stones, was the commonest cause of ESRD among HD patients in Fayoum. Future epidemiological studies should be conducted to investigate the unknown causes of ESRD.