Epidemiology of Extrapulmonary Tuberculosis

Mehta, Jay B.; Dutt, Asim K.; Harvill, Leo M.; Mathews, Kenneth M.

doi:10.1378/chest.99.5.1134

Cited by 214 publications

(53 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…Mycobacterium tuberculosis-induced pleural effusion often occurs in conjunction with pulmonary infiltrates typical of post-primary tuberculosis, but may also manifest as a primary feature of the disease [37,38]. Although bilateral effusions may occur in miliary tuberculosis, unilateral effusions predominate and arise secondarily to rupture of a caseous subpleural focus into the adjacent pleural space [39].…”

Section: Tuberculous Pleurisymentioning

confidence: 99%

Immunobiology of pleural inflammation: potential implications for pathogenesis, diagnosis and therapy

Kroegel¹,

Antony²

1997

Eur Respir J

187

132

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Section: Tuberculous Pleurisymentioning

confidence: 99%

Immunobiology of pleural inflammation: potential implications for pathogenesis, diagnosis and therapy

Kroegel¹,

Antony²

1997

Eur Respir J

187

132

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“…Peritoneal TB usually results from the reactivation of latent TB in peritoneal foci that were established after haematogenous spread from a primary lung focus (Mehta et al, 1991). Peritoneal TB is manifested clinically as ascites of insidious onset, abdominal pain and fever (Chow et al, 2002).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Use of adenosine deaminase measurements and QuantiFERON in the rapid diagnosis of tuberculous peritonitis

Saleh¹,

Hammad

Ramadan

et al. 2012

Journal of Medical Microbiology

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Peritoneal tuberculosis (TB) is a considerable problem in certain developing nations. Current diagnostic tests for peritoneal TB are difficult and time-consuming. This study aimed to determine the effectiveness of an adenosine deaminase (ADA) assay and the QuantiFERON-Gold (QFT-G) assay in the rapid diagnosis of TB peritonitis. Forty-one patients with a presumptive diagnosis of TB peritonitis with ascites were admitted to Mansoura University Hospital and included in the study. Ascitic fluid and blood samples were collected from each patient. Fluid samples were examined biochemically (protein concentration), cytologically (white blood cell count) and microbiologically (Ziehl-Neelsen stain and TB culture in Lö wenstein-Jensen media), and ADA levels were determined using colorimetry. Interferon-c levels in whole-blood samples were measured using the QFT-G assay. Fourteen (34 %) patients received a final clinical diagnosis of TB peritonitis; these patients were subclassified as definite (positive culture for Mycobacterium tuberculosis; eight patients), highly probable (four patients) and probable (two patients) for TB peritonitis. Of the 14 patients with a final clinical diagnosis of TB peritonitis, 3 (21 %) tested positive using an acid-fast bacilli smear, which showed a sensitivity of 21 % and a specificity of 100 %. A receiver operating characteristic curve showed that a cut-off value of 35 IU l "1 for the ADA level produced the best results as a diagnostic test for TB peritonitis, yielding the following parameter values: sensitivity 100 %, specificity 92.6 %, positive predictive value (PPV) 87.5 % and negative predictive value (NPV) 100 %. The QFT-G assay yielded the following values: sensitivity 92.9 %, specificity 100 %, PPV 100 % and NPV 96.4 %. The ADA and QFT-G assays might be used to rapidly diagnose TB peritonitis and initiate prompt treatment while waiting for a final diagnosis using the standard culture approach.

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“…oldukça eder bir formudur. Esas etkeni Mycobacterium tuberculosis olup, patogenezinde primer bağırsak enfeksiyonu, enfekte sütün veya aktif akciğer hastalı-ğından enfekte olmuş balgamın yutulması yer almaktadır (1) . Klinik bulguları sinsi seyirlidir.…”

Section: Discussionunclassified