Epidemiology of Fractures of the Proximal Femur in Elderly Residents of Yakutsk

Abstract

Bone fractures of the skeleton with a minor injury is a clinical manifestation of osteoporosis and its population-based marker. The incidence of hip fracture varies in different geographic areas and ethnic groups. The aim was to study incidence of hip fractures in patients older than 40 years in the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia, Russian federation) in 2011-2013 and to compare the data with the previous study at the same region performed in 1997-2003. Material and methods. The study is a part of a multi-center international project «Epidemiological study of osteoporotic fractures in Eurasia (EVA).» It was a retrospective study followed by a prospective one. In the retrospective part the information on hip fracture cases registered in the official documents of the orthopedic service in 2011-2012 was collected. The prospective part was conducted in 2013, it was aimed at the identification of the patients with a hip fracture, applied not only in orthopedic department but also to other medical professionals, such as general practitioners. Results. Overall, in three years 426 hip fractures were reported in the city of Yakutsk. The total number of fractures in women was 286 (67.1%), in men - 140 (32.9%). We observed the increase in hip fracture incidence in 2013 (192 cases per 100,000 population in men and 283 per 100,000 in women 50 years old and older) which was 12% higher than in 2011 and 2012. We owe it to improved registration of hip fractures in the group of women 85 years old and older. The hip fracture incidence in this study significantly exceed the data of previous study 15 years ago. Conclusion. In recent years, there is an increase in incidence rates of hip fracture in Yakutsk due to improved hospitalization rates in orthopedic service.