Epidemiology of HIV and AIDS Among Adolescents

Idele, Priscilla; Gillespie, Amaya; Porth, Tyler; Suzuki, Chiho; Mahy, Mary; Kasedde, Susan; Luo, Chewe

doi:10.1097/qai.0000000000000176

Cited by 375 publications

(256 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…Women of aged 20-24 years were more likely to have knowledge than women of aged 15-19 years in both countries. The present findings were similar to previous studies conducted elsewhere [42,43]. Urban based young women were more likely to have knowledge of HIV/AIDS compared to rural based young women.…”

Section: Awareness and Hiv/aids Knowledgesupporting

confidence: 82%

Predictors of HIV/AIDS Knowledge and Attitude among Young Women of Nigeria and Democratic Republic of Congo: Cross-Sectional Study

Gebremedhin¹,

Wang²,

Tesfamariam³

2017

J AIDS Clin Res

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IntroductionHIV/AIDS has become one of the world's most serious public health and development challenges, particularly in low-and middleincome countries [1]. Young women (aged 15-24 ) are particularly most vulnerable to HIV with infection rates twice as high as in young men, and accounting for 22% of all new HIV infections and 31% of new infections in Sub-Saharan Africa [2]. In this region, women acquire HIV infection at least 5-7 years earlier than men, often associated with sexual debut [3,4]. According to UNAIDS, the HIV prevalence for young women in Nigeria and DRC in 2013 were estimated 1.3% and 0.5% as compared to 0.7% and 0.3% of young men, respectively [4]. Young women are more susceptible to HIV, as a result of lack of correct health information, inadequate access to reproductive health services, engagement in risky behaviors, financial insecurity, regional and national conflicts, age-disparity, intergenerational sexual relationships, early, forced, and child marriage, gender violence and discrimination [5][6][7][8].Despite the fact that young women are highly exposed to HIV infection, they were also less likely to have adequate HIV/AIDS about knowledge compared to young men [9]. Adequate knowledge on HIV/AIDS is crucial for averting the HIV infection and ending the negative acceptance attitude and discrimination towards the infected and affected person [10]. Improving HIV/AIDS knowledge has been suggested as an effective HIV preventive behavioral intervention and has been associated with increased safe sex practices, HIV testing and treatment uptake [11]. Several studies of young people from Nigeria [12][13][14][15][16] and elsewhere [17][18][19][20][21] have sought to understand the gaps in their knowledge of HIV/AIDS, with a view towards creating an appropriately targeted educational interventions in improving their HIV/AIDS knowledge and decreasing their risky behaviors. Knowledge about HIV among young people in the western and central Africa continued to be alarmingly low. According to the most recent household surveys, only 24% of young women aged 15-24 years compared to 31% of young men of the same age had comprehensive and correct knowledge of how to prevent HIV [16]. On the other hand, negative attitudes towards HIV/AIDS and PLWHA have been shown to be hindrances for HIV prevention, voluntary counseling and testing, HIV status disclosure and treatment compliance [22,23]. Other studies showed the association between negative attitudes of people towards PLWHA and individual's wrong information about prevention and transmission of the disease [24,25].Young women are at the center of the global HIV/AIDS epidemic, not only in terms of new infections but also an opportunities for halting the transmission of HIV [26]. United nations made a political declaration in 2016 with a specific target which showed that by 2020 the new HIV infections among young women aged 15 to 24 years should reduce to fewer than 100, 000. Nigeria and DRC were identified as Fast- Results: Awareness of the young women of Niger...

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Section: Awareness and Hiv/aids Knowledgesupporting

confidence: 82%

Predictors of HIV/AIDS Knowledge and Attitude among Young Women of Nigeria and Democratic Republic of Congo: Cross-Sectional Study

Gebremedhin¹,

Wang²,

Tesfamariam³

2017

J AIDS Clin Res

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“…Today, approximately 11,000 adolescents have ever had an AIDS diagnosis, increasing the risk for death (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), June 2016a; Idele et al, 2014; Heron, 2016). African-Americans are disproportionately affected with higher rates of mortality (CDC, June 2016; Hall et al, 2012).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A randomized clinical trial of adolescents with HIV/AIDS: pediatric advance care planning

et al. 2017

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The objective of this study is to determine if pediatric advance care planning (pACP) increases adolescent/family congruence in end-of-life (EOL) treatment preferences longitudinally. Adolescents aged 14–21 years with HIV/AIDS and their families were randomized (N = 105 dyads) to three-60-minute sessions scheduled one week apart: either the pACP intervention (survey administered independently, facilitated conversation with adolescent and family present, completion of legal advance directive document with adolescent and family present) or an active control (developmental history, safety tips, nutrition and exercise education). This longitudinal, single-blinded, multi-site, randomized controlled trial was conducted in six pediatric hospital-based HIV-clinics, located in high HIV mortality cities. The Statement of Treatment Preferences measured adolescent/family congruence in EOL treatment preferences at immediately following the facilitated pACP conversation (Session 2), and at 3-month post-intervention. The mean age of adolescent participants was 18 years (range 14–21 years); 54% were male; and 93% were African-American. One-third had an AIDS diagnosis. Immediately post-intervention the Prevalence Adjusted Bias Adjusted Kappa showed substantial treatment preference agreement for pACP dyads compared to controls (High burden/low chance of survival, PABAK = 0.688 vs. 0.335; Functional impairment, PABAK = 0.687 vs. PABAK= 0.34; Mental impairment, PABKA = 0.717 vs. 0.341). Agreement to limit treatments was greater among intervention dyads than controls (High burden: 14.6% vs. 0%; Functional impairment = 22.9% vs. 4.4%; and Mental impairment: 12.5% vs. 4.4%). Overall treatment preference agreement among pACP dyads was high immediately post-intervention, but decreased over time. In contrast, treatment agreement among control dyads was low and remained low over time. As goals of care change over time with real experiences, additional pACP conversations are needed.

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“…[4] In addition, owing to significant improvements in accessing antiretroviral therapy, children born with HIV are growing into adolescence in large numbers, especially in LMICs. [5,6] Worldwide, adolescents are the only age group in which AIDSrelated deaths are not decreasing. [3] In 2013, there were >9 500 deaths of HIV-infected adolescents in SA.…”

Section: In Practicementioning

confidence: 99%

Enrolling HIV-positive adolescents in mental health research: A case study reflecting on legal and ethical complexities

Woollett

Peter²,

Cluver

et al. 2017

S Afr Med J

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Epidemiology of HIV and AIDS Among Adolescents

Cited by 375 publications

References 10 publications

Predictors of HIV/AIDS Knowledge and Attitude among Young Women of Nigeria and Democratic Republic of Congo: Cross-Sectional Study

Predictors of HIV/AIDS Knowledge and Attitude among Young Women of Nigeria and Democratic Republic of Congo: Cross-Sectional Study

A randomized clinical trial of adolescents with HIV/AIDS: pediatric advance care planning

Enrolling HIV-positive adolescents in mental health research: A case study reflecting on legal and ethical complexities

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