Epidemiology of human listeriosis

Schuchat, Anne; Swaminathan, Bala; Broome, Claire V.

doi:10.1128/cmr.4.2.169

Cited by 600 publications

(410 citation statements)

References 135 publications

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“…However, the safety of any attenuated Lm vector is an important issue. Lm poses potential risks for pregnant women, neonates and immunocompromised individuals [44]. The attenuated Lm vector used here, Lmdd-gag, was shown previously to be safe and immunogenic in adult and neonatal mice [34,35].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Live attenuated Listeria monocytogenes expressing HIV Gag: Immunogenicity in rhesus monkeys

Jiang

Rasmussen

Nolan

et al. 2007

Vaccine

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Induction of strong cellular immunity will be important for AIDS vaccine candidates. Natural infection with wild-type Listeria monocytogenes (Lm), an orally transmitted organism, is known to generate strong cellular immunity, thus raising the possibility that live attenuated Lm could serve as a vaccine vector. We sought to examine the potential of live attenuated Lm to induce cellular immune responses to HIV Gag. Rhesus macaques were immunized with Lmdd-gag that expresses HIV gag and lacks two genes in the D-alanine (D-ala) synthesis pathway. Without this key component of the bacterial cell wall, vaccine vector replication critically depends on exogenous D-ala. Lmdd-gag was given to animals either solely orally or by oral priming followed by intramuscular (i.m.) boosting; D-ala was co-administered with all vaccinations. Lmdd-gag and D-ala were well tolerated. Oral priming/oral boosting induced Gag-specific cellular immune responses, whereas oral priming/i.m. boosting induced systemic as well as mucosal anti-Gag antibodies. These results suggest that the route of vaccination may bias anti-Gag immune responses either towards T-helper type 1 (Th1) or Th2 responses; overall, our data show that live attenuated, recombinant Lmdd-gag was safe and immunogenic in primates.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Live attenuated Listeria monocytogenes expressing HIV Gag: Immunogenicity in rhesus monkeys

Jiang

Rasmussen

Nolan

et al. 2007

Vaccine

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“…A growing population of patients immunocompromised owing to advanced HIV infection, leukaemia and renal transplantation is at 500-1000 times greater risk of invasive listeriosis than the general population (Jensen et al, 1994). Most cases of Listeria infection are, however, sporadic, and outbreaks have been traced to ingestion of contaminated food, especially unpasteurized dairy products (Schuchat et al, 1991).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Internalin B is essential for adhesion and mediates the invasion of Listeria monocytogenes into human endothelial cells

Parida

Domann

Rohde

et al. 1998

Molecular Microbiology

162

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SummaryListeria monocytogenes causes rhombencephalitis in humans and animals and also affects the fetus in utero, causing disseminated sepsis. In both instances, the infection occurs by the crossing of endothelial cells lining a physiological barrier, the blood-brain barrier or the transplacental barrier. In this study, the ability of L. monocytogenes wild-type EGD to invade human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) was evaluated using wild-type bacteria and isogenic Listeria mutants. Here, we show that invasion of HUVECs by L. monocytogenes is dependent on the expression of the internalin B gene product. This was demonstrated in several ways. First, L. monocytogenes strains lacking the inl B gene did not invade HUVECs. Secondly, avid invasion was obtained when a strain deleted for inlAB was complemented with a plasmid harbouring inl B only, whereas strains expressing inlA did not enter HUVECs. Thirdly, entry of wild-type EGD could be blocked effectively with antibodies to InlB. Fourthly, cell binding assays and flow cytometry with HUVECs showed binding of purified InlB, but not InlA, suggesting a tropism of InlB for this cell type. Finally, physical association of purified native InlB with the surface of non-invasive mutants dramatically increased their ability to invade HUVECs. In laser-scanning confocal microscopy, binding of InlB was observed as focal and localized patches on the cell surface of HUVECs. Qualitative examination of the entry process by scanning electron microscopy revealed that both wild-type EGD and a recombinant strain overexpressing only InlB enter HUVECs in a similar fashion. The entry process was polarized, involved single bacteria and occurred over the entire surface of endothelial cells.

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“…Listeria monocytogenes, a food-borne pathogen, causes listeriosis in immunocompromised and clinically healthy individuals (Farber and Peterkin 1991 ;Schuchat et al 1991). Rapid detection as well as pathogenicity testing of this organism is essential for controlling incidence of listeriosis.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Alkaline phosphatase release assay to determine cytotoxicity for Listeria species

Bhunia

Westbrook

1998

Letters in Applied Microbiology

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A .K . B H UN IA A ND D. G . W ES T BR OO K . 1998. A simple cytotoxicity assay for Listeria species was developed by assaying alkaline phosphatase (AP) release from an infected hybrid B lymphocyte (Ped-2E9) line. Eight of eight L. monocytogenes and six of 11 L. ivanovii strains induced significantly high AP release from Ped-2E9 cells compared to five other L. ivanovii strains and other Listeria spp. In contrast, all L. monocytogenes and L. ivanovii test strains showed high release of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) activity from Ped-2E9 cells. The molecular mass of AP was estimated to be about 128-165 kDa, suggesting severe membrane damage in Ped-2E9 cells due to Listeria infection. The data presented here indicate that AP assay could be used over LDH assay to detect Listeria-induced cell cytotoxicity.

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Epidemiology of human listeriosis

Cited by 600 publications

References 135 publications

Live attenuated Listeria monocytogenes expressing HIV Gag: Immunogenicity in rhesus monkeys

Live attenuated Listeria monocytogenes expressing HIV Gag: Immunogenicity in rhesus monkeys

Internalin B is essential for adhesion and mediates the invasion of Listeria monocytogenes into human endothelial cells

Alkaline phosphatase release assay to determine cytotoxicity for Listeria species

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