Epidemiology of hydatidosis/echinococcosis in Ouarzazate, the pre-Saharian region of Morocco

Pandey, Vijay; Ouhelli, H.; Moumen, A.

doi:10.1080/00034983.1988.11812277

Cited by 18 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…The liver was the predilection site of infection both in sheep and goats. These findings were similar to the observations reported by Farah et al, (1984) and Al-Yaman et al, (1985), but did not coincide with those of Pandey et al, (1988), where lungs are the most predominant organs. In addition, the two organs were infected either alone or together (Al-Abbassy et al, 1980, Ali et al 2003.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

“…The animals inspected for hydatid cysts, in this survey, showed relatively low rate of infection, compared to the results of studies conducted in some Arabic countries : 4.6% in sheep in Saudi Arabia (Farah et al, 1984), 12.8% in sheep in Kuwait (Hassonah and Behbehani,1976), 4% in sheep and 3.6% in goats in Jordan (Al-Yaman et al, 1985), 5.3% in sheep in Morocco (Pandey et al, 1988) and 5.9%, 4.5% in sheep and 5.1%, 3.1% in goats in Iraq respectively (Al-Abbassy et al, 1980 andMolan, 1993), but slightly high compared to the results (0.17% in sheep only) observed by Ali et al (2003). This difference is attributed, perhaps, to the variability of : origin of animals, mode of grazing and other environmental factors.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 43%

“…The prevalence of hydatid cysts in animals in some Arabic countries was studied (Hassonah and Behbahani, 1976, Farah et al, 1984, Alyaman et al, 1985, Al-Abbassy et al, 1985, Pandey et al, 1988, Molan, 1993. However, little has been published in Yemen concerning the prevalence of hydatid cysts, particularly in domestic animals, with the exception of some human infections observed in hospitals in Sana'a and Mukalla.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Prevalence of Hydatid Cysts in Slaughtered Sheep and Goats in Hadhramout (Yemen) معدل الإصابة بالأکياس المائية في الخراف والماعز المذبوحة في محافظة حضرموت (اليمن)

2007

Assiut University Bulletin for Environmental Researches

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218 sheep and 422 goats carcasses were examined (2005/2006) for the presence of hydatid cysts in Hadhramout (Yemen). The prevalence was 3.21% in sheep and 2.13% in goats. All the positive animals are males. The liver was the predominant site of infection in both animals. In relation to the age-group (years) the rate of infection increased with the animal's age. There was a slight difference in the fertility of cysts in sheep (46.6%) and goats (55.2%), while the same observations were noted between liver and lungs in the two animals, while the degenerated cysts were more observed in sheep (24.5%) than in goats (12.6%). These findings reflect the existence of the life cycle maintainance and the transmission of the cestode Echinococcus granulossus from definitive host (dogs) to intermediate hosts (sheep, goats) in Yemen. Consequently, further epidemiological researches are needed to clarify all the factors affecting the continuity of this biological cycle.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 43%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Prevalence of Hydatid Cysts in Slaughtered Sheep and Goats in Hadhramout (Yemen) معدل الإصابة بالأکياس المائية في الخراف والماعز المذبوحة في محافظة حضرموت (اليمن)

2007

Assiut University Bulletin for Environmental Researches

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“…This is in agreement with the study by Lahmar et al [ 17 ] in Tunisia and Helina [ 11 ] in Ethiopia who found higher prevalence in adult and males compared to young and female goats. Older animals have a more prolonged period of exposure and therefore much greater risk of infection and the chances of detecting cysts at meat inspection are higher in aged animals due to bigger size of the cysts [ 18 ]. Similarly, the previous studies strongly suggested that the prevalence is heavily influenced by age and origin of animals brought for slaughter [ 17 , 19 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence of echinococcosis and Taenia hydatigena cysticercosis in slaughtered small ruminants at the livestock-wildlife interface areas of Ngorongoro, Tanzania

Miran¹,

Kasuku²,

Swai³

2016

Vet World

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Aim:Echinococcosis or hydatidosis (due to the larval stage of Echinococcus spp.) and cysticercosis (due to the larval stage of Taenia hydatigena) pose a significant economic losses due to slaughter condemnation and risk to public health in developing countries such as Tanzania where sanitation is poor and people live in close proximity with each other and with animals. This study was conducted to determine the prevalence of and to identify the predisposing factors for echinococcosis and cysticercosis in sheep and goats at three slaughter slabs located in the livestock-wildlife interface areas of Ngorongoro, Tanzania.Materials and Methods:A cross-sectional based survey was conducted, from January 2013 to April 2013, whereby a total of 180 animals comprising 90 goats and 90 sheep of both sexes were examined at postmortem for the evidence of larval stages of Echinococcus spp. (hydatid cyst) and T. hydatigena (Cysticercus tenuicollis) through visual inspection, incision and palpation of organs and viscera.Results:The prevalence of echinococcosis was 22.2% and 16.6%, in goats and sheep, respectively, while the overall infection rates for cysticercosis were 61.1% in goats and 42.2% in sheep. The result of this study revealed that goats and sheep in Malambo slaughter slab had significantly higher prevalence of T. hydatigena (C. tenuicollis) and hydatid cysts (p<0.05) compared to other slab points. T. hydatigena (C. tenuicollis) cysts were more frequently detected in the omentum than other visceral organs among the animals examined.Conclusion:In conclusion, the observed high prevalence of the two metacestodes larval stages leads to high condemnation rates of edible offals and raises significant public health concerns. This underscores for the need to undertake more extensive epidemiological investigations to better determine the causal factors, economic impact, and public health importance of the disease in this livestock-wildlife interface setting.

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“…1 Human CE is known to be endemic in north Africa and has been reported in Libya, 2 Tunisia, 3,4 Algeria, 5,6 Morocco, 7 and to a lesser extent Egypt. 8 In Libya, CE is one of the most important parasitic infections of humans and domestic animals.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

An extensive ultrasound and serologic study to investigate the prevalence of human cystic echinococcosis in northern Libya.

Shambesh¹,

Craig²,

Macpherson³

et al. 1999

The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

115

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Abstract. A prevalence study of abdominal cystic echinococcosis (CE) was undertaken in the northwest, northcentral, and northeast regions of Libya. A total of 36 villages along the coast were included, in which 20,220 people were screened by portable ultrasound. Three hundred thirty-nine (1.7%) were diagnosed with CE. There was no significant difference between CE prevalence rates in the three regions of Libya (mean ϭ 1.6%); however, intervillage rates were variable, ranging from 0% to 4.5%. The prevalence of CE increased significantly with age (P Ͻ 0.0001) and females were significantly more affected (2%) than males (1.3%) (P Ͻ 0.0001). Cases of CE were distributed among 3.2% of housewives, 2.6% of farmers, 2.3% of male civil servants, 1.3% of female students, and 1.1% of male students. Housewives (P Ͻ 0.0001) and students (P Ͻ 0.0001) were significantly more at risk for CE. A statistically significant proportion (62% [210 of 339]) of CE cases kept dogs (P Ͻ 0.0001). Of the ultrasound-positive CE cases 69% (233 of 339) were antibody seropositive by ELISA using Echinococcus granulosus hydatid cyst fluid antigen B. Blood samples (n ϭ 10,096) collected onto filter papers were taken randomly from ultrasound-negative people who entered the study, of which 11.2% were found to be seropositive. Seropositivity increased with age (P Ͻ 0.0001), with females exhibiting higher seroprevalence than males for all age groups (P Ͻ 0.0001). Seroprevalence was distributed occupationally among 17.3% of female students, 11.2% of male students, 8.3% of housewives, 7.3% of farmers, and 6.4% of male civil servants. Housewives and students were more likely to be seropositive (P Ͻ 0.0001). Forty-seven percent (526) of the seroreactors kept dogs. All liver hydatid cysts detected by ultrasound during community screening were classified according to morphology and size into six types. Type I (17.5% of all cases) were small univesicular cysts less than 50 mm in diameter with no laminations or daughter cysts. Type II (34%) were univesicular cysts with only laminations. Type IIIa (8.5%) were univesicular cysts with the appearance of laminations and daughter cysts. Type IIIb (13%) were univesicular with laminations and less prominent daughter cysts. Type IV (5.6%) presented as a solid mass. Type V were degenerated calcified or partially calcified cysts (13.2%). Type VI presented as multiple cysts (8% of all cases). The CE cases that exhibited Types II, IIIa, IIIb, IV or VI cysts showed the highest seropositivity (86%, 96%, 95%, 100%, and 96%, respectively), while Types I and V were the least seroreactive (38% and 22%, respectively). Cases of CE occurred in 311 families, with 93% having only one member as a CE case while 7% of the families had two or more cases. However, 25% of the ultrasound-negative persons belonging to families with an index CE case were seropositive for antibodies to Echinococcus. These results confirm the importance of human CE in Libya. They also confirm the usefulness of ultrasound combined with serology as a mass screeni...

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Epidemiology of hydatidosis/echinococcosis in Ouarzazate, the pre-Saharian region of Morocco

Cited by 18 publications

References 11 publications

Prevalence of Hydatid Cysts in Slaughtered Sheep and Goats in Hadhramout (Yemen) معدل الإصابة بالأکياس المائية في الخراف والماعز المذبوحة في محافظة حضرموت (اليمن)

Prevalence of Hydatid Cysts in Slaughtered Sheep and Goats in Hadhramout (Yemen) معدل الإصابة بالأکياس المائية في الخراف والماعز المذبوحة في محافظة حضرموت (اليمن)

Prevalence of echinococcosis and Taenia hydatigena cysticercosis in slaughtered small ruminants at the livestock-wildlife interface areas of Ngorongoro, Tanzania

An extensive ultrasound and serologic study to investigate the prevalence of human cystic echinococcosis in northern Libya.

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