Epidemiology of<i>DSM-5</i>Alcohol Use Disorder

Grant, Bridget F.; Goldstein, Risë B.; Saha, Tulshi D.; Chou, S. Patricia; Jung, Jeesun; Zhang, Haitao; Pickering, Roger P.; Ruan, W. June; Smith, Sharon; Huang, Boji; Hasin, Deborah S.

doi:10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2015.0584

Cited by 2,166 publications

(1,080 citation statements)

References 66 publications

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“…Recent estimates of past‐year alcohol use disorder (AUD) are slightly higher than those for MD and AD at 13.9% (Grant et al., 2015), and prevalence of past‐year drug use disorders ranges between 2 and 3% (Merikangas & Mcclair, 2012). These disorders are associated with significant costs to the individual and society including: low levels of educational attainment, unstable employment, decreased work productivity, decreased health‐related quality of life, and increased primary care use (Donovan, Mattson, Cisler, Longabaugh, & Zweben, 2005; Kessler, 2012; Walley et al., 2012; Wittchen, 2002).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Self-medication with alcohol or drugs for mood and anxiety disorders: A narrative review of the epidemiological literature

et al. 2018

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BackgroundThe comorbidity of mood and anxiety disorders (MD and AD) with substance use disorders (SUD) is common. One explanation for this comorbidity is the self‐medication hypothesis, which posits that individuals with MD or AD use substances to cope with the difficult symptoms associated with the disorder. Over time, self‐medication (SM) can develop into an independent SUD. This narrative review will present the prevalence and correlates of SM with alcohol and/or drugs for MD and AD and the relationship between SM and subsequent SUD using both cross‐sectional and longitudinal epidemiological data.MethodsScopus and PsycINFO were searched from January 1997 to April 2018 to identify original research articles that examined the prevalence and correlates of SM and the temporal relationship between MD/AD and SUD in the general population (n = 22).ResultsThe prevalence of SM with alcohol and/or drugs among those with MD or AD ranged from 21.9% to 24.1%. Male sex, younger age, being separated, divorced or widowed, and being Caucasian were characteristics associated with higher proportions of respondents endorsing SM with alcohol/drugs for MD and AD. Longitudinal data supports the temporal onset of primary MD/AD and secondary SUD among those who self‐report SM.ConclusionProviding and promoting alternate coping strategies for those with MD/AD may reduce SM, the development of SUD, and the comorbidity of MD/AD with SUD. The concurrent treatment of MD/AD and substance use is the current “gold standard” model of care, and the results of this review support its use.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Self-medication with alcohol or drugs for mood and anxiety disorders: A narrative review of the epidemiological literature

et al. 2018

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“…While alcohol use disorders (AUDs) are still prevalent within the U.S., young people are among the most affected [5]. The most recent National Epidemiologic Survey of Alcohol and Related Conditions (NESARC-III) found that young adults aged 18–29 have the highest past year and lifetime rates of AUDs [5]. This may be due, in part, to frequent heavy drinking among 15- and 16-year olds [2].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Myriad Influences of Alcohol Advertising on Adolescent Drinking

et al. 2017

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Purpose of Review This review investigates effects of alcohol advertising on adolescent drinking. Prior reviews focused on behavioral outcomes and long-term effects. In contrast, the present review focuses on subgroups with greater exposure to alcohol advertising, research methods to study alcohol advertising, potential mechanisms underlying relationships between adolescent exposure to alcohol advertising and increased drinking and points to prevention/intervention strategies that may reduce effects of alcohol advertising. Recent Findings Alcohol advertising influences current and future drinking. Further, evidence suggests adolescents may be targeted specifically. Alcohol advertisements may influence behavior by shifting alcohol expectancies, norms regarding alcohol use, and positive attitudes. Media literacy programs may be an effective intervention strategy. Summary Adolescents are exposed to large quantities of alcohol advertisements, which violates guidelines set by the alcohol industry. However, media literacy programs may be a promising strategy for adolescents to increase critical thinking and create more realistic expectations regarding alcohol.

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“…These results may be due to the fact that effect sizes for associations between discounting and severity of drug use are smaller than those typically found in comparisons of clinical populations to -non (Amlung, Vedelago, Acker, Balodis, & MacKillop, 2017); and thus the size of our relatively sub-clinical sample may not have been large enough to detect these particular associations. Finally, because problematic drug use is highly comorbid with other psychiatric conditions (Grant et al, 2015), our sample probably differed in other ways that impacted discounting (e.g., higher education).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%